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@ARTICLE{Wu:256082,
      author       = {Wu, J. F. and Xue, X. H. and Hoffmann, L. and Dou, X. K.
                      and Li, H. M. and Chen, T. D.},
      title        = {{A} case study of typhoon-induced gravity waves and the
                      orographic impacts related to {T}yphoon {M}indulle (2004)
                      over {T}aiwan},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {120},
      number       = {18},
      issn         = {2169-897X},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06104},
      pages        = {9193–9207},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Atmospheric gravity waves (GWs) significantly influence
                      global circulation. Deep convection, particularly that
                      associated with typhoons, is believed to be an important
                      source of gravity waves. Stratospheric gravity waves induced
                      by Typhoon Mindulle (2004) were detected by the Atmospheric
                      Infrared Sounder (AIRS). Semicircular GWs with horizontal
                      wavelengths of 100–400 km were found over Taiwan through
                      an inspection of AIRS radiances at 4.3 μm. Characteristics
                      of the stratospheric gravity waves generated by Typhoon
                      Mindulle were investigated using the Weather Research and
                      Forecasting (WRF) model. The initial and boundary data were
                      determined by the high-resolution European Center for
                      Medium-Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis data. The WRF
                      simulation reproduces the main features of Typhoon Mindulle
                      and the significant GWs. The simulated GWs with horizontal
                      wavelengths of 100–400 km match the AIRS observations:
                      they propagate upward and eastward, and the westward
                      components are mostly filtered in the stratosphere. By
                      comparing the measured waves with a WRF simulation in the
                      absent of orography (WRF-FLAT), we find that the orographic
                      gravity waves (OGWs) generated by the flow of Typhoon
                      Mindulle over the Central Mountain Range (CMR) in Taiwan
                      account for approximately $50\%$ of the total wave momentum
                      flux in the troposphere. The dominant orientation of the OGW
                      wave fronts is parallel to the CMR rideline. When entering
                      into the stratosphere, OGW propagation is determined by the
                      position of the typhoon center relative to the CMR.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000363425900010},
      doi          = {10.1002/2015JD023517},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/256082},
}