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@ARTICLE{Smeets:256261,
      author       = {Smeets, Michael and Smirnov, Vladimir and Bittkau, Karsten
                      and Meier, Matthias and Carius, Reinhard and Rau, Uwe and
                      Paetzold, Ulrich W.},
      title        = {{A}ngular dependence of light trapping in nanophotonic
                      thin-film solar cells},
      journal      = {Optics express},
      volume       = {23},
      number       = {24},
      issn         = {1094-4087},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06225},
      pages        = {A1575},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The angular dependence of light-trapping in nanophotonic
                      thin-film solar cells is inherent due to the
                      wavelength-scale dimensions of the periodic nanopatterns. In
                      this paper, we experimentally investigate the dependence of
                      light coupling to waveguide modes for light trapping in
                      a-Si:H solar cells deposited on nanopatterned back contacts.
                      First, we accurately determine the spectral positions of
                      individual waveguide modes in thin-film solar cells in
                      external quantum efficiency and absorptance. Second, we
                      demonstrate the strong angular dependence of this spectral
                      position for our solar cells. Third, a moderate level of
                      disorder is introduced to the initially periodic nanopattern
                      of the back contacts. As a result, the angular dependence is
                      reduced. Last, we experimentally compare this dependence on
                      the angle of incidence for randomly textured, 2D
                      periodically nanopatterned and 2D disordered back contacts
                      in external quantum efficiency and short-circuit current
                      density.},
      cin          = {IEK-5},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-5-20101013},
      pnm          = {121 - Solar cells of the next generation (POF3-121) / HITEC
                      - Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy
                      and Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-121 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:26698805},
      doi          = {10.1364/OE.23.0A1575},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/256261},
}