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@ARTICLE{He:256541,
      author       = {He, Yao and Siemens, Jan and Amelung, Wulf and Goldbach,
                      Heiner and Wassmann, Reiner and Alberto, Ma. Carmelita R.
                      and Lücke, Andreas and Lehndorff, Eva},
      title        = {{C}arbon release from rice roots under paddy rice and
                      maize-paddy rice cropping},
      journal      = {Agriculture, ecosystems $\&$ environment},
      volume       = {210},
      issn         = {0167-8809},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06425},
      pages        = {15-24},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Crop rotations encompassing flooded rice and an upland crop
                      are commonly found in large parts of South and East Asia.
                      However, also rice farmers in Southeast Asia increasingly
                      switch from double-cropping paddy rice to one non-flooded
                      crop–such as maize–in the dry season. We hypothesized
                      that introducing maize (maize–paddy rice, M-MIX) into a
                      double paddy rice (R-WET) cropping system will increase
                      carbon (C) release from rice roots into the rhizosphere and
                      the dissolved soil C pool. To test this hypothesis we
                      assessed the kinetics of C release by the rice plants in a
                      hydroponic greenhouse experiment, and used these data for
                      interpreting their C release in field experiments using 13C
                      pulse labeling of rice plants. In the greenhouse we observed
                      that rice roots released 13C labeled dissolved organic
                      carbon (DOC) for 21 days with a mean residence time (MRT) of
                      19 days after exposure to a 13CO2 pulse. The MRT of labeled
                      dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) released from rice roots
                      was only 2 days. In the field 13CO2 pulse labeling increased
                      the 13C excess of rhizosphere soil up to 0.7 ± 0.2 mg 13C
                      kg−1 in R-WET and 0.9 ± 0.3 mg kg−1 in M-MIX. The 13C
                      signature of bulk soil remained unaffected. DOC
                      concentrations in R-WET were significantly higher than in
                      M-MIX during the mature grain stage of the rice plants.
                      Nevertheless, the 13C excess in DOC transiently increased by
                      only 0.5 μg L−1 after labeling in 13 cm depth in one of
                      three lysimeters previously cropped with maize (M-MIX),
                      while no labeled DOC was detected in 13 cm depth of the
                      R-WET lysimeters and in 60 cm depth of both treatments. In
                      contrast, the 13C excess of DIC increased by 42.4–93.1 μg
                      L−1 a few days after labeling with a MRT of 53–66 days
                      in both treatments. Considering the results of the
                      greenhouse experiment, this suggests a rapid mineralization
                      of labeled rhizodeposits in the field and an effective
                      transient storage of CO2 produced by respiration in soil
                      water.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {330},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000356996900003},
      doi          = {dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.04.029},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/256541},
}