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@ARTICLE{Jiang:276177,
      author       = {Jiang, Xiaoqian and Bol, R. and Willbold, S. and Vereecken,
                      H. and Klumpp, E.},
      title        = {{S}peciation and distribution of {P} associated with {F}e
                      and {A}l oxides in aggregate-sized fraction of an arable
                      soil},
      journal      = {Biogeosciences discussions},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {13},
      issn         = {1810-6285},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06644},
      pages        = {9879 - 9903},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {To maximize crop productivity fertilizer P is generally
                      applied to arable soils, a significant proportion of which
                      becomes stabilized by mineral components and in part
                      subsequently becomes unavailable to plants. However, little
                      is known about the relative contributions of the different
                      organic and inorganic P bound to Fe/Al oxides in the smaller
                      soil particles. The alkaline (NaOH-Na2EDTA) extraction with
                      solution 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance (31P-NMR)
                      spectroscopy is considered as a reliable method for
                      extracting and quantifying organic P and (some) inorganic P.
                      However, any so-called residual P after the alkaline
                      extraction has remained unidentified. Therefore, in the
                      present study, the amorphous (a) and crystalline (c) Fe/Al
                      oxide minerals and related P in soil aggregate-sized
                      fractions (> 20, 2–20, 0.45–2 and < 0.45 μm) were
                      specifically extracted by oxalate (a-Fe/Al oxides) and
                      dithionite (DCB, both a- and c-Fe/Al oxides). These soil
                      aggregate-sized fractions with and without the oxalate and
                      DCB pre-treatments were then sequentially extracted by
                      alkaline extraction prior to solution 31P-NMR spectroscopy.
                      This was done to quantify the various chemical P forms which
                      were associated with a- and c-Fe/Al oxides both in alkaline
                      extraction and in the residual P of different soil
                      aggregate-sized fractions.The results showed that overall P
                      contents increased with decreasing size of the soil
                      aggregate-sized fractions. However, the relative
                      distribution and speciation of varying P forms were found to
                      be independent of soil aggregate-size. The majority of
                      alkaline extractable P was in the a-Fe/Al oxide fraction
                      (42–47 $\%$ of total P), most of which was orthophosphate
                      (36–41 $\%$ of total P). Furthermore, still significant
                      amounts of particularly monoester P were bound to the
                      oxides. Intriguingly, however, Fe/Al oxides were not the
                      main bonding sites for pyrophosphate. Residual P contained
                      similar amounts of total P associated with both a- (10–13
                      $\%$ of total P) and c-Fe oxides (10–12 $\%$ of total P)
                      in various aggregate-sized fractions, suggesting that it was
                      likely occluded within the a- and c-Fe oxides in soil. This
                      implies that with the dissolution of Fe oxides, these P may
                      be released and thus available for plants and microbial
                      communities.},
      cin          = {IBG-3 / ZEA-3},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-3-20090406},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/bgd-12-9879-2015},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/276177},
}