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@ARTICLE{Miller:276214,
      author       = {Miller, S. D. and Straka, W. C. and Yue, J. and Smith, S.
                      M. and Alexander, M. J. and Hoffmann, L. and Setvak, M. and
                      Partain, P. T.},
      title        = {{U}pper atmospheric gravity wave details revealed in
                      nightglow satellite imagery},
      journal      = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                      United States of America},
      volume       = {112},
      number       = {49},
      issn         = {1091-6490},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {National Acad. of Sciences},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06679},
      pages        = {E6728–E6735},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Gravity waves (disturbances to the density structure of the
                      atmosphere whose restoring forces are gravity and buoyancy)
                      comprise the principal form of energy exchange between the
                      lower and upper atmosphere. Wave breaking drives the mean
                      upper atmospheric circulation, determining boundary
                      conditions to stratospheric processes, which in turn
                      influence tropospheric weather and climate patterns on
                      various spatial and temporal scales. Despite their
                      recognized importance, very little is known about
                      upper-level gravity wave characteristics. The knowledge gap
                      is mainly due to lack of global, high-resolution
                      observations from currently available satellite observing
                      systems. Consequently, representations of wave-related
                      processes in global models are crude, highly parameterized,
                      and poorly constrained, limiting the description of various
                      processes influenced by them. Here we highlight, through a
                      series of examples, the unanticipated ability of the
                      Day/Night Band (DNB) on the NOAA/NASA Suomi National
                      Polar-orbiting Partnership environmental satellite to
                      resolve gravity structures near the mesopause via nightglow
                      emissions at unprecedented subkilometric detail. On moonless
                      nights, the Day/Night Band observations provide all-weather
                      viewing of waves as they modulate the nightglow layer
                      located near the mesopause (∼90 km above mean sea level).
                      These waves are launched by a variety of physical
                      mechanisms, ranging from orography to convection,
                      intensifying fronts, and even seismic and volcanic events.
                      Cross-referencing the Day/Night Band imagery with
                      conventional thermal infrared imagery also available helps
                      to discern nightglow structures and in some cases to
                      attribute their sources. The capability stands to advance
                      our basic understanding of a critical yet poorly constrained
                      driver of the atmospheric circulation.},
      cin          = {JSC},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000365989800006},
      pubmed       = {pmid:26630004},
      doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1508084112},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/276214},
}