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@ARTICLE{Kim:276328,
      author       = {Kim, J. and Bauer, H. and Dobovičnik, T. and Hitzenberger,
                      R. and Lottin, D. and Ferry, D. and Petzold, A.},
      title        = {{A}ssessing {O}ptical {P}roperties and {R}efractive {I}ndex
                      of {C}ombustion {A}erosol {P}articles {T}hrough {C}ombined
                      {E}xperimental and {M}odeling {S}tudies},
      journal      = {Aerosol science and technology},
      volume       = {49},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {1521-7388},
      address      = {Philadelphia, Pa},
      publisher    = {Taylor $\&$ Francis},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-06788},
      pages        = {340 - 350},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The variability of optical properties of combustion
                      particles generated from a propane diffusion flame under
                      varying fuel-to-air (C/O) ratios was studied with a
                      three-wavelength nephelometer, a particle soot absorption
                      photometer, and an integrating sphere photometer.
                      Information on particle size distribution, morphology, and
                      elemental carbon to total carbon (EC/TC) ratios were
                      obtained from scanning mobility particle sizer measurements,
                      transmission electron microscopy analyses, and
                      thermal-optical analyses. Particles generated under a low
                      C/O ratio (0.22) showed high elemental carbon fraction
                      (EC/TC = 0.77) and low brown carbon to equivalent black
                      carbon (BrC/EBC) ratio (0.01), and were aggregates composed
                      of small primary particles. Rayleigh–Debye–Gans theory
                      reproduced experimental single-scattering albedo, ω,
                      absorption, and scattering Ångström exponents within 56,
                      3, and $18\%,$ respectively. In contrast, particles produced
                      under a high C/O ratio (0.60) showed low elemental carbon
                      fraction (EC/TC = 0.09) and high BrC/EBC ratio >100, and
                      were smaller and spherical in shape. Their optical
                      properties were better modeled with Mie theory. By
                      minimizing the difference between calculated and measured ω
                      and Ångström exponents, refractive indices of OC at three
                      visible wavelengths were deduced. Contrary to the widely
                      accepted assumption that refractive index of BC is
                      wavelength independent, BC-rich particles exhibited
                      absorption Ångström exponent >1.0 which implies some
                      degree of wavelength dependence.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000353165900007},
      doi          = {10.1080/02786826.2015.1020996},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/276328},
}