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@INPROCEEDINGS{Schiavone:279005,
      author       = {Schiavone, Maria Maddalena and Radulescu, Aurel and
                      Tarallo, O. and Di Girolamo, R. and Caporaso, L. and Revay,
                      Z. and Kleszcz, K. and Richter, Dieter},
      title        = {{M}icrostructure of polymer electrolyte membranes based on
                      sulfonated syndiotactic polystyrene in the delta clathrate
                      and gamma phases},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-07175},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Syndiotactic polystyrene (sPS) is able to form different
                      kinds of co-crystalline phases with guest molecules of
                      various size, shape and property. Several advanced materials
                      have been already produced starting from sPS co-crystalline
                      films [1-2]. In particular, sulfonated sPS (ssPS) can be
                      used as proton-conductive membrane for fuel cells, as it
                      presents high proton conductivity (comparable with Nafion).
                      As well, it shows a high chemical and thermo-mechanical
                      stability and a low cost [3]. The morphology of different
                      sPS clathrates and the structural behavior of ssPS upon
                      hydration can be more thoroughly understood by combining
                      X-rays scattering and FT-IR with SANS [4-5]. In fact,
                      exploiting the neutron contrast variation between various
                      hydrogenated and deuterated components of sPS and ssPS
                      clathrates, additional and unique information about the
                      distribution of guest molecules in the crystalline and
                      amorphous regions and about the hydrated domains were
                      obtained. Moreover, the SANS investigation of in-situ water
                      absorption-desorption process in these membranes using a
                      humidity chamber that enables to choose constant relative
                      humidity RH over a wide range (between $5\%$ and $95\%)$
                      emphasizes that the hydration-drying processes involve both
                      the interlamellar amorphous space and bulk
                      amorphous.Therefore, the stretching of films leads to
                      occurrence and distribution of scattering features from
                      typical morphologies on specific directions and sectors of
                      detection plan enables an accurate structural study of such
                      complex polymeric systems. A complete SANS investigation on
                      sPS samples, starting from their crystallization with guest
                      molecules through sulfonation process followed by subsequent
                      hydration, performed at SANS diffractometer KWS-2 of MLZ
                      will be presented. This experimental analysis has
                      highlighted that the morphology of these polymeric films is
                      characterized by hydrated channels in the amorphous phase
                      alternated to staples of crystalline lamellae, along the
                      stretching direction.[1]. J. Schellenberg in “Syndiotactic
                      Polystyrene’’, John Wiley $\&$ Sons, Inc. (2010). [2].
                      G. Guerra et al., J. of Pol. Sci. B, Polymer Physics, 50,
                      305 (2012).[3]. G. Fasano et al., Int. Journal. of Hydrogen
                      Energy, 36, 8038 (2013).[4]. F. Kaneko et al., Polymer, 54,
                      3145 (2013).[5]. F. Kaneko et al., Chemistry Letters, 44,
                      497 (2015).},
      month         = {Oct},
      date          = {2015-10-05},
      organization  = {Neutron Scattering on Nano-Structured
                       Soft Matter: Synthetic- and
                       Bio-Materials, Tutzing (Germany), 5 Oct
                       2015 - 8 Oct 2015},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {JCNS (München) ; Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS
                      (München) ; JCNS-FRM-II / Neutronenstreuung ; JCNS-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106},
      pnm          = {144 - Controlling Collective States (POF3-144) / 6213 -
                      Materials and Processes for Energy and Transport
                      Technologies (POF3-621) / 6G15 - FRM II / MLZ (POF3-6G15) /
                      6G4 - Jülich Centre for Neutron Research (JCNS) (POF3-623)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-144 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6213 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G15 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G4},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS2-20140101 / EXP:(DE-MLZ)PGAA-20140101},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/279005},
}