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@ARTICLE{Kelter:279161,
      author       = {Kelter, M. and Huisman, J. A. and Zimmermann, Egon and
                      Kemna, A. and Vereecken, H.},
      title        = {{Q}uantitative imaging of spectral electrical properties of
                      variably saturated soil columns},
      journal      = {Journal of applied geophysics},
      volume       = {123},
      issn         = {0926-9851},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-07232},
      pages        = {333 - 344},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Measurements of the effective complex electrical
                      conductivity in the mHz to kHz frequency range using
                      Spectral Induced Polarization (SIP) have shown promise for
                      the characterization of soil physical and biogeochemical
                      properties and processes. In principle, the spatial
                      distribution of the complex electrical conductivity can be
                      determined using Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT).
                      However, little is known about the accuracy of EIT imaging
                      results, which is known to be affected by the need for a
                      consistent treatment of variable data quality for different
                      frequencies in the inversion process. Therefore, we aim to
                      evaluate the ability of EIT to accurately determine the
                      distribution of spectral electrical conductivity in the mHz
                      to kHz frequency range. For this, we used artificially
                      packed lysimeter columns with known structure and spectral
                      electrical properties. EIT imaging of these columns was
                      performed during drainage in order to investigate data
                      quality and the accuracy of soil spectral electrical
                      property determination for different saturation and contact
                      impedances of the electrodes. Spectral imaging results were
                      analyzed using a Debye-decomposition approach and compared
                      with effective SIP measurements on independent samples of
                      the same material. Overall, there was a good correspondence
                      between imaged and independently measured complex electrical
                      conductivity. Furthermore, it was found that images of peak
                      relaxation time distribution were much less affected by
                      spatial smoothing than images of the normalized
                      chargeability. It was concluded that state-of-the-art data
                      processing and inversion procedures in combination with
                      advanced EIT equipment can be used to accurately image the
                      spatial distribution of spectral electrical properties.},
      cin          = {IBG-3 / ZEA-2},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZEA-2-20090406},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000366073400033},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jappgeo.2015.09.001},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/279161},
}