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@ARTICLE{DeTemmerman:279571,
      author       = {De Temmerman, G. and Morgan, T. W. and van Eden, G. G. and
                      de Kruif, T. and Wirtz, M. and Matejicek, J. and Chraska, T.
                      and Pitts, R. A. and Wright, G. M.},
      title        = {{E}ffect of {H}igh-flux {H}/{H}e {P}lasma {E}xposure on
                      {T}ungsten {D}amage {D}ue to {T}ransient {H}eat {L}oads},
      journal      = {Journal of nuclear materials},
      volume       = {463},
      issn         = {0022-3115},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-07455},
      pages        = {198 - 201},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The thermal shock behaviour of tungsten exposed to
                      high-flux plasma is studied using a high-power laser. The
                      cases of laser-only, sequential laser and hydrogen (H)
                      plasma and simultaneous laser plus H plasma exposure are
                      studied. H plasma exposure leads to an embrittlement of the
                      material and the appearance of a crack network originating
                      from the centre of the laser spot. Under simultaneous
                      loading, significant surface melting is observed. In
                      general, H plasma exposure lowers the heat flux parameter
                      (FHF) for the onset of surface melting by $∼25\%.$ In the
                      case of He-modified (fuzzy) surfaces, strong surface
                      deformations are observed already after 1000 laser pulses at
                      moderate FHF = 19 MJ m−2 s−1/2, and a dense network of
                      fine cracks is observed. These results indicate that
                      high-fluence ITER-like plasma exposure influences the
                      thermal shock properties of tungsten, lowering the
                      permissible transient energy density beyond which
                      macroscopic surface modifications begin to occur.},
      cin          = {IEK-2},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000358467200033},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.09.075},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/279571},
}