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@ARTICLE{Lemahieu:279574,
      author       = {Lemahieu, Nathan and Greuner, Henri and Linke, Jochen and
                      Maier, Hans and Pintsuk, Gerald and Van Oost, Guido and
                      Wirtz, Marius},
      title        = {{S}ynergistic {E}ffects of {ELM}s and {S}teady {S}tate {H}
                      and {H}/{H}e {I}rradiation on {T}ungsten},
      journal      = {Fusion engineering and design},
      volume       = {98-99},
      issn         = {0920-3796},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-07458},
      pages        = {2020 - 2024},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {To investigate synergistic effects of high heat flux
                      loading on H and H/He loaded tungsten surfaces, specimens
                      were exposed to a 30 keV steady-state H or H/He beam and
                      subsequently loaded with an electron beam to simulate ELMs.
                      The heat flux during the H and H/He loading was 10.5 MW
                      m−2, while a 2 × 1025 m−2 fluence was reached. After
                      exposure, all specimens exhibited an altered surface
                      morphology. The H/He samples with a surface temperature of
                      1000 °C and 1500 °C had a multitude of surface extrusions.
                      Afterwards the particle loaded samples were exposed to 100
                      ELM-like pulses around the material's damage threshold.
                      Transient heat fluxes of 190 MW m−2 and 380 MW m−2 were
                      applied at room temperature and 400 °C for a duration of 1
                      ms. Post-mortem analysis showed no deterioration of thermal
                      shock resistance in comparison with polished material. For
                      some tests the reference specimens roughened or cracked
                      while the H or H/He exposed material had no damage. The
                      H-content and the H/He-induced cavities and/or extrusions
                      are suggested as two potential causes for this change in
                      material behaviour.},
      cin          = {IEK-2 / IEK-4},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000363344900216},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.fusengdes.2015.06.051},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/279574},
}