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@ARTICLE{Winkler:279819,
      author       = {Winkler, Roland G. and Wysocki, Adam and Gompper, Gerhard},
      title        = {{V}irial pressure in systems of spherical active {B}rownian
                      particles},
      journal      = {Soft matter},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {33},
      issn         = {1744-6848},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Soc. of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2015-07698},
      pages        = {6680 - 6691},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {The pressure of suspensions of self-propelled objects is
                      studied theoretically and by simulation of spherical active
                      Brownian particles (ABPs). We show that for certain
                      geometries, the mechanical pressure as force/area of
                      confined systems can be equally expressed by bulk
                      properties, which implies the existence of a nonequilibrium
                      equation of state. Exploiting the virial theorem, we derive
                      expressions for the pressure of ABPs confined by solid walls
                      or exposed to periodic boundary conditions. In both cases,
                      the pressure comprises three contributions: the ideal-gas
                      pressure due to white-noise random forces, an
                      activity-induced pressure (“swim pressure”), which can
                      be expressed in terms of a product of the bare and a mean
                      effective particle velocity, and the contribution by
                      interparticle forces. We find that the pressure of spherical
                      ABPs in confined systems explicitly depends on the presence
                      of the confining walls and the particle–wall interactions,
                      which has no correspondence in systems with periodic
                      boundary conditions. Our simulations of three-dimensional
                      ABPs in systems with periodic boundary conditions reveal a
                      pressure–concentration dependence that becomes
                      increasingly nonmonotonic with increasing activity. Above a
                      critical activity and ABP concentration, a phase transition
                      occurs, which is reflected in a rapid and steep change of
                      the pressure. We present and discuss the pressure for
                      various activities and analyse the contributions of the
                      individual pressure components.},
      cin          = {IAS-2 / IFF-2},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-2-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)VDB782},
      pnm          = {553 - Physical Basis of Diseases (POF3-553)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-553},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000359581400016},
      pubmed       = {pmid:26221908},
      doi          = {10.1039/C5SM01412C},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/279819},
}