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@ARTICLE{Liesche:280596,
      author       = {Liesche, J. and Windt, C. and Bohr, T. and Schulz, A. and
                      Jensen, K. H.},
      title        = {{S}lower phloem transport in gymnosperm trees can be
                      attributed to higher sieve element resistance},
      journal      = {Tree physiology},
      volume       = {35},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1758-4469},
      address      = {Victoria, BC},
      publisher    = {Heron},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-00364},
      pages        = {376 - 386},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {In trees, carbohydrates produced in photosynthesizing
                      leaves are transported to roots and other sink organs over
                      distances of up to 100 m inside a specialized transport
                      tissue, the phloem. Angiosperm and gymnosperm trees have a
                      fundamentally different phloem anatomy with respect to cell
                      size, shape and connectivity. Whether these differences have
                      an effect on the physiology of carbohydrate transport,
                      however, is not clear. A meta-analysis of the experimental
                      data on phloem transport speed in trees yielded average
                      speeds of 56 cm h−1 for angiosperm trees and
                      22 cm h−1 for gymnosperm trees. Similar values
                      resulted from theoretical modeling using a simple transport
                      resistance model. Analysis of the model parameters clearly
                      identified sieve element (SE) anatomy as the main factor for
                      the significantly slower carbohydrate transport speed inside
                      the phloem in gymnosperm compared with angiosperm trees. In
                      order to investigate the influence of SE anatomy on the
                      hydraulic resistance, anatomical data on SEs and sieve pores
                      were collected by transmission electron microscopy analysis
                      and from the literature for 18 tree species. Calculations
                      showed that the hydraulic resistance is significantly higher
                      in the gymnosperm than in angiosperm trees. The higher
                      resistance is only partially offset by the considerably
                      longer SEs of gymnosperms.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {630},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000354778300005},
      pubmed       = {pmid:25787331},
      doi          = {10.1093/treephys/tpv020},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/280596},
}