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@INPROCEEDINGS{Ivanova:281317,
      author       = {Ivanova, Oxana and Lüke, Wiebke and Majerus, Anne and
                      Krutyeva, Margarita and Szekely, Noemi and Pyckhout-Hintzen,
                      Wim and Appavou, Marie-Sousai and Monkenbusch, Michael and
                      Zorn, Reiner and Lehnert, Werner and Holderer, Olaf},
      title        = {{C}rystal formation with fractal size distribution of
                      {ABPBI} membranesin high temperature polyelectrolyte fuel
                      cells},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-01016},
      year         = {2015},
      abstract     = {Many different polymeric materials are investigated in
                      terms of their usability in polymer electrolyte fuel cells
                      (PEFC). One of the most promising classes of PEFC are high
                      temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEFC)
                      operating at elevated temperatures between 160 – 180 °C.
                      In contrast to the PEFC, operating at temperatures below
                      100°C (Nafion® being one of the most common
                      polyelectrolyte material used), HT-PEFC provide many
                      advantages such as significantly simplified water management
                      and improved CO tolerance, which enables a wide range of
                      applications in medium power range (~5 kW). The core of the
                      PEFC - proton conducting polyelectrolyte membrane, which
                      separates two electrodes in a fuel cell and acts as a proton
                      conductor. Since the high operation temperatures require
                      polymers with excellent thermal and chemical stability,
                      commercially available poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI)
                      membrane attract particular interest. Its aromatic backbone
                      provides an excellent thermal stability, high glass
                      transition temperature and good chemical resistance, but
                      does not provide any intrinsic proton conductivity. Owing to
                      the basic nature of ABPBI it can be impregnated with a high
                      amount of phosphoric acid (PA), which is known to have the
                      highest intrinsic proton conductivity and thus assures high
                      protonic conductivity of the impregnated membrane. Since
                      such proton conducting membrane allows proton transport and
                      prevents the crossover of gases and electrons, its
                      structural and transport properties are of crucial
                      importance for physical and electrical properties of the
                      PEFC. The structural properties of proton conducting
                      poly(2,5-benzimidazole) (ABPBI) membrane in its pristine as
                      well as phosphoric acid (PA) doped form have been
                      investigated with small angle neutron- and X-ray scattering
                      (SANS and SAXS respectively), X-ray diffraction (XRD),
                      polarised light- and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
                      Obtained results are linked to the proton diffusion in a
                      phosphoric acid doped ABPBI membrane measured with
                      pulsed-field gradient-nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR)
                      technique. Our investigation demonstrates formation of
                      crystalline regions in the ABPBI membrane with fractal size
                      distribution ranging from small (TEM) to large (optical
                      microscopy) length scales.},
      month         = {Jun},
      date          = {2015-06-08},
      organization  = {SoftComp/ESMI Annual meeting 2015,
                       Ancona (Italy), 8 Jun 2015 - 12 Jun
                       2015},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {JCNS (München) ; Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS
                      (München) ; JCNS-FRM-II / Neutronenstreuung ; JCNS-1 /
                      IEK-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-FRM-II-20110218 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)JCNS-1-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {6215 - Soft Matter, Health and Life Sciences (POF3-621) /
                      6G15 - FRM II / MLZ (POF3-6G15) / 6G4 - Jülich Centre for
                      Neutron Research (JCNS) (POF3-623)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6215 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G15 /
                      G:(DE-HGF)POF3-6G4},
      experiment   = {EXP:(DE-MLZ)KWS2-20140101 / EXP:(DE-MLZ)TEM-MLZ-20151210},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/281317},
}