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000028257 0247_ $$2pmid$$apmid:12594512
000028257 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1038/nature01416
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000028257 041__ $$aeng
000028257 082__ $$a070
000028257 084__ $$2WoS$$aMultidisciplinary Sciences
000028257 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHamm, H. W.$$b0
000028257 245__ $$aArchitecture and material properties of diatom shells provide effective mechanical protection
000028257 260__ $$aLondon [u.a.]$$bNature Publising Group$$c2003
000028257 300__ $$a841 - 843
000028257 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article
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000028257 440_0 $$04484$$aNature$$v421$$x0028-0836$$y6925
000028257 500__ $$aRecord converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
000028257 520__ $$aDiatoms are the major contributors to phytoplankton blooms in lakes and in the sea and hence are central in aquatic ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. All free-living diatoms differ from other phytoplankton groups in having silicified cell walls in the form of two 'shells' (the frustule) of manifold shape and intricate architecture whose function and role, if any, in contributing to the evolutionary success of diatoms is under debate. We explored the defence potential of the frustules as armour against predators by measuring their strength. Real and virtual loading tests (using calibrated glass microneedles and finite element analysis) were performed on centric and pennate diatom cells. Here we show that the frustules are remarkably strong by virtue of their architecture and the material properties of the diatom silica. We conclude that diatom frustules have evolved as mechanical protection for the cells because exceptional force is required to break them. The evolutionary arms race between diatoms and their specialized predators will have had considerable influence in structuring pelagic food webs and biogeochemical cycles.
000028257 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK242$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aKondensierte Materie$$cM02$$x0
000028257 588__ $$aDataset connected to Web of Science, Pubmed
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAnimals
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aBiomechanics
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCalibration
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCarbon: analysis
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Wall: chemistry
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Wall: physiology
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiatoms: chemistry
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiatoms: classification
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiatoms: cytology
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aDiatoms: physiology
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aFood Chain
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aGlass
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNeedles
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhytoplankton: chemistry
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhytoplankton: classification
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhytoplankton: cytology
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPhytoplankton: physiology
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSilicon Dioxide
000028257 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSpecies Specificity
000028257 650_7 $$07440-44-0$$2NLM Chemicals$$aCarbon
000028257 650_7 $$07631-86-9$$2NLM Chemicals$$aSilicon Dioxide
000028257 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)128833$$aMerkel, R.$$b1$$uFZJ
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSpringer, O.$$b2
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aJurkojc, P.$$b3
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aMaier, C.$$b4
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aPrechtel, K.$$b5
000028257 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSmetacek, V.$$b6
000028257 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1413423-8$$a10.1038/nature01416$$gVol. 421, p. 841 - 843$$p841 - 843$$q421<841 - 843$$tNature <London>$$v421$$x0028-0836$$y2003
000028257 8567_ $$uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01416
000028257 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:28257$$pVDB
000028257 9131_ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK242$$bMaterie$$kM02$$lKondensierte Materie$$vKondensierte Materie$$x0
000028257 9141_ $$y2003
000028257 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0010$$aJCR/ISI refereed
000028257 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)VDB44$$d31.12.2001$$gISG$$kISG-4$$lInstitut für biologisch-anorganische Grenzflächen$$x0
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