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@ARTICLE{Jablonowski:283565,
      author       = {Jablonowski, Nicolai David and Kollmann, Tobias and Nabel,
                      Moritz and Damm, Tatjana and Klose, Holger and Müller,
                      Michael and Bläsing, Marc and Seebold, Sören and Krafft,
                      Simone and Kuperjans, Isabel and Dahmen, Markus and Schurr,
                      Ulrich},
      title        = {{V}alorization of {S}ida ( {S}ida hermaphrodita ) biomass
                      for multiple energy purposes},
      journal      = {Global change biology / Bioenergy},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1757-1693},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2016-01879},
      pages        = {202–214},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The performance and biomass yield of the perennial energy
                      plant Sida hermaphrodita (hereafter referred to as Sida) as
                      a feedstock for biogas and solid fuel was evaluated
                      throughout one entire growing period at agricultural field
                      conditions. A Sida plant development code was established to
                      allow comparison of the plant growth stages and biomass
                      composition. Four scenarios were evaluated to determine the
                      use of Sida biomass with regard to plant development and
                      harvest time: (i) one harvest for solid fuel only; (ii) one
                      harvest for biogas production only; (iii) one harvest for
                      biogas production, followed by a harvest of the regrown
                      biomass for solid fuel; and (iv) two consecutive harvests
                      for biogas production. To determine Sida's value as a
                      feedstock for combustion, we assessed the caloric value, the
                      ash quality, and melting point with regard to DIN EN ISO
                      norms. The results showed highest total dry biomass yields
                      of max. 25 t ha−1, whereas the highest dry matter of
                      $70\%$ to $80\%$ was obtained at the end of the growing
                      period. Scenario (i) clearly indicated the highest energy
                      recovery, accounting for 439 288 MJ ha−1; the energy
                      recovery of the four scenarios from highest to lowest
                      followed this order: (i) ≫ (iii) ≫ (iv) > (ii). Analysis
                      of the Sida ashes showed a high melting point of >1500 °C,
                      associated with a net calorific value of 16.5–17.2 MJ
                      kg−1. All prerequisites for DIN EN ISO norms were
                      achieved, indicating Sida's advantage as a solid energy
                      carrier without any post-treatment after harvesting. Cell
                      wall analysis of the stems showed a constant lignin content
                      after sampling week 16 (July), whereas cellulose had already
                      reached a plateau in sampling week 4 (April). The results
                      highlight Sida as a promising woody, perennial plant,
                      providing biomass for flexible and multipurpose energy
                      applications.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000390216800017},
      doi          = {10.1111/gcbb.12346},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/283565},
}