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@ARTICLE{Nickel:29362,
      author       = {Nickel, J. P. and Quadakkers, W. J. and Singheiser, L.},
      title        = {{A}nalysis of corrosion layers on protective coatings and
                      high temperature materials in simulated service environments
                      of modern power plants using {SNMS}, {SIMS}, {SEM}, {TEM},
                      {RBS} and {X}-ray diffraction},
      journal      = {Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry},
      volume       = {374},
      issn         = {1618-2642},
      address      = {Berlin},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-29362},
      pages        = {581 - 587},
      year         = {2002},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      comment      = {.},
      booktitle     = {.},
      abstract     = {In three different examples, the effects of the oxidation
                      behaviour as well as the microstructural stability of high
                      temperature materials and protective coatings was determined
                      by combining the results of kinetic studies with extensive
                      analytical investigations using, among other techniques,
                      SNMS, SIMS, SEM, TEM, Rutherford back scattering (RBS) as
                      well as X-ray diffraction. 1). The effect of water vapour on
                      the oxidation behaviour of $9\%$ Cr steels in simulated
                      combustion gases has been determined. The effects of O2 and
                      H2O content on the oxidation behaviour of $9\%$ Cr steel in
                      the temperature range 600-800 degrees C showed that in dry
                      oxygen a protective scale was formed with an oxidation rate
                      controlled by diffusion in the protective scale. In the
                      presence of water vapour, after an incubation period, the
                      scales became non-protective as a result of a change in the
                      oxidation limiting process. The destruction of the
                      protective scale by water vapour does not only depend on H2O
                      content but also on the H2O/O2-ratio. 2). The increase of
                      component surface temperature in modern gas turbines leads
                      to an enhanced oxidation attack of the blade coating.
                      Improvements in corrosion resistance and longer lifetime
                      thermal barrier coatings in gas turbines have been achieved
                      by improvement of the high temperature properties of MCrAlY
                      coatings by additions of minor alloying elements such as
                      yttrium, silicon and titanium. 3). The use of oxide
                      dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloys provides excellent
                      creep resistance up to much higher temperatures than can be
                      achieved with conventional wrought or cast alloys in
                      combination with suitable high temperature
                      oxidation/corrosion resistance. Investigation of the growth
                      mechanisms of protective chromia and alumina scales were
                      examined by a two-stage oxidation method with 18O tracer.
                      The distribution of the oxygen isotopes in the oxide scale
                      was determined by SIMS and SNMS. The results show the
                      positive influence of a Y2O3 dispersion on the oxidation
                      resistance of the ODS alloys and its effect on growth
                      mechanisms.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IWV-2},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB2},
      pnm          = {Werkstoff- und Bauteilentwicklung für fortschrittliche
                      Kraftwerke},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK24},
      shelfmark    = {Biochemical Research Methods / Chemistry, Analytical},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:12397473},
      UT           = {WOS:000179404400002},
      doi          = {10.1007/s00216-001-1185-7},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/29362},
}