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000029975 084__ $$2WoS$$aMarine & Freshwater Biology
000029975 084__ $$2WoS$$aToxicology
000029975 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLalah, J. O.$$b0
000029975 245__ $$aIn vivo metabolism and organ distribution of a branched 14C-nonylphenol isomer in pond snails, Lymnaea stagnalis L.
000029975 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2003
000029975 300__ $$a305 - 319
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000029975 440_0 $$09645$$aAquatic Toxicology$$v62$$x0166-445X
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000029975 520__ $$aThe branched isomers of p-nonylphenol (NP) are perceived to be more resistant to biodegradation in aquatic environments as well as to have more estrogen-like toxicity than the straight chain isomers. By use of GC-MS, some of them have been identified and found to exist in higher concentrations in the isomeric compound mixture than the straight chain isomers. The investigations of the distribution and metabolism of these branched isomers in aquatic organisms are therefore considered to be important in understanding the mechanisms of toxicity of NP. A single tertiary isomer of NP, 4(3'-,6'-dimethyl-3'-heptyl)-phenol, was synthesized in the laboratory and used in in vivo studies of its organ distribution and metabolism in Lymnaea stagnalis L., following a constant exposure of the organisms to C-14-NP isomer in water over a period of 8 days at an average exposure concentration of 105 ppb (range: 93-116 ppb). The results obtained clearly showed the distribution and bioconcentration of the isomer residues in various internal organs of Lymnaea after uptake in water and food. Analysis of the extracts of the organ tissues and faeces by HPLC and GC- MS after digestion with Pankreatin/beta-glucuronidase and nitric acid, respectively, showed that the isomer was metabolized by conjugation to glucuronic acid and hydroxylation to a catechol. The findings from these studies and their implications in the biotransformation and estrogenicity of NP in Lymnaea stagnalis L. are further discussed in detail in this paper. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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000029975 65320 $$2Author$$abranched p-nonylphenol isomer
000029975 65320 $$2Author$$ametabolism
000029975 65320 $$2Author$$aLymnaea stagnalis L
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSchramm, K.-W.$$b1
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSeverin, G. F.$$b2
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLenoir, D.$$b3
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aHenkelmann, F. A.$$b4
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBehechti, A.$$b5
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129325$$aGünther, K.$$b6$$uFZJ
000029975 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKettrup, A.$$b7
000029975 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1496065-5$$a10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00106-6$$gVol. 62, p. 305 - 319$$p305 - 319$$q62<305 - 319$$tAquatic toxicology$$v62$$x0166-445X$$y2003
000029975 8567_ $$uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00106-6
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