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@ARTICLE{Kelm:3014,
      author       = {Kelm, S. and Schoppe, L. and Dornseiffer, J. and Hofmann,
                      D. and Reinecke, E.-A. and Leistner, F. and Jühe, S.},
      title        = {{E}nsuring the long-term functionality of passive
                      auto-catalytic recombiners under operational containment
                      atmosphere conditions - {A}n interdisciplinary
                      investigation},
      journal      = {Nuclear engineering and design},
      volume       = {239},
      issn         = {0029-5493},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-3014},
      pages        = {274 - 280},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {In order to sustain the structural integrity of the
                      containment and other safety relevant components i.e. to
                      avoid a detonation of the hydrogen-air mixture generated
                      during a severe accident in light water reactors, passive
                      auto-catalytic recombiners (PAR) are used for hydrogen
                      removal in many European nuclear power plants (NPP). In
                      1999, the German NPP Emsland (KKE) was equipped with 58 PAR
                      of AREVA design as an internal accident management measure
                      for a beyond-design accident. Since that time the
                      recombiners are in a stand-by state. As the catalyst
                      elements are exposed to various airborne substances during
                      normal plant operation their function is controlled
                      periodically by testing selected catalyst sheets in a
                      specially designed device. Under the conservative test
                      conditions during this procedure some catalyst sheets showed
                      a delayed responding behavior. First internal analysis gave
                      indication of a beginning fouling on the catalytic
                      surface.The aim of a precautionary investigation performed
                      in cooperation between KKE, Forschungszentrum Juelich and
                      RWTH Aachen University was to characterize the composition
                      of the fouling and to correlate it with potential sources
                      within the containment.In the framework of the investigation
                      the reports of the periodic inspections were analyzed and
                      appropriate sample sheets were selected from the
                      installation. These samples were subjected to a
                      comprehensive chemical surface analysis in order to identify
                      effects like thermal sintering, poisoning or a blocking of
                      the catalytic surface (Baerns, M., 2004. Basic Principles in
                      Applied Catalysis, Springer Verlag). Along with the chemical
                      analysis the catalytic activity of the samples was assessed
                      in several test series in order to correlate the chemically
                      quantified deposition on the catalyst samples with the
                      characteristics of the start-up and the steady-state
                      performance of the recombination reaction. In a final step,
                      possible sources of the fouling were analyzed with regard to
                      their possible contribution to the phenomena. According to
                      the results achieved, measures have been implemented at KKE
                      in order to optimize procedures and to enhance the
                      performance of the PARs. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights
                      reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2 / ICG-5 / IEF-6 / ZCH},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICG-5-20090406 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)VDB814 / I:(DE-Juel1)ZCH-20090406},
      pnm          = {Nukleare Sicherheitsforschung / Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK404 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Nuclear Science $\&$ Technology},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000263458400010},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.10.029},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/3014},
}