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@ARTICLE{Uttenweiler:30346,
      author       = {Uttenweiler, D. and Weber, C. and Jähne, B. and Fink, R.
                      H. A. and Scharr, H.},
      title        = {{S}patiotemporal anisotropic diffusion filtering to improve
                      signal-to-noise ratios and object restoration in
                      fluorescence microscopic image sequences},
      journal      = {Journal of biomedical optics},
      volume       = {8},
      issn         = {1083-3668},
      address      = {Bellingham, Wash.},
      publisher    = {SPIE},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-30346},
      pages        = {40 - 47},
      year         = {2003},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {We present an approach for significantly improving the
                      quantitative analysis of motion in noisy fluorescence
                      microscopic image sequences. The new partial differential
                      equation based method is a general extension of a 2-D
                      nonlinear anisotropic diffusion filtering scheme to a
                      specially adapted 3-D nonlinear anisotropic diffusion
                      filtering scheme, with two spatial image dimensions and the
                      time t in the image sequence as the third dimension. Motion
                      in image sequences is considered as oriented, line-like
                      structures in the spatiotemporal x,y,t domain, which are
                      determined by the structure tensor method. Image enhancement
                      is achieved by a structure adopted smoothing kernel in three
                      dimensions, thereby using the full 3-D information inherent
                      in spatiotemporal image sequences. As an example for low
                      signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) microscopic image sequences we
                      have applied this method to noisy in vitro motility assay
                      data, where fluorescently labeled actin filaments move over
                      a surface of immobilized myosin. With the 3-D anisotropic
                      diffusion filtering the SNR is significantly improved (by a
                      factor of 3.8) and closed object structures are reliably
                      restored, which were originally degraded by noise.
                      Generally, this approach is very valuable for all
                      applications where motion has to be measured quantitatively
                      in low light level fluorescence microscopic image sequences
                      of cellular, subcellular, and molecular processes.},
      keywords     = {Actins: chemistry / Actins: ultrastructure / Animals /
                      Fluorescence Polarization: methods / Image Processing,
                      Computer-Assisted / Microscopy, Fluorescence: methods /
                      Motion / Rabbits / Actins (NLM Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-III},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB49},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Biochemical Research Methods / Optics / Radiology, Nuclear
                      Medicine $\&$ Medical Imaging},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:12542378},
      UT           = {WOS:000180755400005},
      doi          = {10.1117/1.1527627},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/30346},
}