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@ARTICLE{Fried:32542,
author = {Fried, A. and Wang, Y. and Cantrell, C. and Wert, B. and
Walega, J. and Ridley, B. and Atlas, E. and Shetter, R. and
Lefer, B. and Coffey, M. T. and Hannigan, J. and Blake, D.
and Blake, N. and Meinardi, S. and Talbot, B. and Dibb, J.
and Scheuer, E. and Wingenter, O. and Snow, J. and Heikes,
B. and Ehhalt, D.H.},
title = {{T}unable diode laser measurements of formaldehyde during
the {TOPSE} 2000 study: {D}istributions, trends, and model
comparisons},
journal = {Journal of Geophysical Research},
volume = {108},
issn = {0148-0227},
address = {Washington, DC},
publisher = {Union},
reportid = {PreJuSER-32542},
pages = {TOP 13-1 - TOP 13-2},
year = {2003},
note = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
abstract = {[1] Airborne measurements of formaldehyde (CH2O) were
acquired employing tunable diode laser absorption
spectroscopy (TDLAS) during the 2000 Tropospheric Ozone
Production About the Spring Equinox (TOPSE) study. This
study consisted of seven deployments spanning the time
period from 4 February to 23 May 2000 and covered a wide
latitudinal band from 40degreesN to 85degreesN. The median
measured CH2O concentrations, with a few exceptions, did not
show any clear temporal trends from February to May in each
of five altitude and three latitude bins examined. Detailed
measurement-model comparisons were carried out using a
variety of approaches employing two different steady state
models. Because recent emissions of CH2O and/or its
precursors often result in model underpredictions,
background conditions were identified using a number of
chemical tracers. For background conditions at temperatures
warmer than -45degreesC, the measurement-model agreement on
average ranged between $-13\%$ and $+5\%$
(measurement-model/measurement), which corresponded to mean
and median (measurement-model) differences of 3 +/- 69 and
-6 parts per trillion by volume (pptv), respectively. At
very low temperatures starting at around -45degreesC,
significant and persistent (measurement-model) differences
were observed from February to early April from southern
Canada to the Arctic Ocean in the 6-8 km altitude range. In
such cases, measured CH2O was as much as 392 pptv higher
than modeled, and the median difference was 132 pptv
$(83\%).$ Low light conditions as well as cold temperatures
may be important in this effect. A number of possible
mechanisms involving the reaction of CH3O2 with HO2 to
produce CH2O directly were investigated, but in each case
the discrepancy was only minimally reduced. Other
possibilities were also considered but in each case there
was no compelling evidence to support any of the hypotheses.
Whatever the cause, the elevated CH2O concentrations
significantly impact upper tropospheric HOx levels at high
latitudes (>57degreesN) in the February-April time frame.},
keywords = {J (WoSType)},
cin = {ICG-II},
ddc = {550},
cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB48},
pnm = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
pid = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
shelfmark = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
UT = {WOS:000181937100004},
doi = {10.1029/2002JD002208},
url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/32542},
}