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@ARTICLE{Balis:33294,
      author       = {Balis, D. and Zerefos, C. S. and Kourtidis, K. and Bais, A.
                      F. and Hofzumahaus, A. and Kraus, A. and Schmitt, R. and
                      Blumthaler, M. and Gobbi, G. P.},
      title        = {{M}easurements and modeling of photolysis rates during the
                      {P}hotochemical {A}ctivity and {U}ltraviolet {R}adiation
                      ({PAUR}) {II} campaign},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / Atmospheres},
      volume       = {107},
      issn         = {0022-1406},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {Union},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-33294},
      pages        = {PAU 5-1 - PAU 5-12},
      year         = {2002},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      comment      = {.},
      booktitle     = {.},
      abstract     = {[1] In this paper we compare radiative transfer model
                      calculations of the actinic flux in the UV spectral region
                      with airborne measurements of the actinic flux, obtained
                      during the Photochemical Activity and Ultraviolet Radiation
                      (PAUR) campaign, which took place in the Aegean Sea, Greece,
                      in June 1996, in order to assess the accuracy of the model
                      in calculating photolysis rates, when the model input
                      parameters are well defined from measurements. The model can
                      simulate the total actinic flux (4 pi sr) in the UV-A region
                      with an accuracy of $5\%$ for all altitudes (0.1-12 km) in
                      the cloud free troposphere, while in the UV-B the impact of
                      the vertical distribution of ozone and aerosol can lead to
                      differences, of about $5-10\%$ at low altitudes up to $20\%$
                      at higher altitudes. Next, the photolysis rates of
                      J((OD)-D-1) and J(NO2) measured during the PAUR 2, in Crete,
                      Greece (35.5degreesN, 23.8degreesE), in May 1999, at two
                      altitudes (Gerani 30 m and Prases 1000 m), are compared with
                      the respective model calculations in order to examine the
                      effect of the alternating Sahara dust/maritime aerosol
                      environments imposed to these photolysis rates, as well as
                      to examine their differences due to the altitude difference.
                      It is shown that high levels of tropospheric ozone and
                      absorbing aerosols can cause a decrease in the photolysis
                      rates of ozone near the surface, even under conditions of
                      reduced total ozone content. This fact indicates that
                      tropospheric ozone can be disproportionately important as a
                      filter against UV-B radiation when most scattering of the
                      radiation by air molecules and dust occurs in the
                      troposphere. This behavior is not simulated accurately using
                      a radiative transfer model constrained by observations of
                      ozone and aerosol optical depths. The differences of the of
                      the photolysis rates between the two altitudes as determined
                      by the model and by the measurements, differ significantly
                      for the Sahara dust event, indicating that during this event
                      in the boundary layer, there is a mixture of desert and
                      nonabsorbing aerosols.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-II},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB48},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000180427400006},
      doi          = {10.1029/2000JD000136},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/33294},
}