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@ARTICLE{Leya:34082,
      author       = {Leya, I. and Lange, H.-J. and Lüpke, M. and Neupert, U.
                      and Daunke, R. and Fanenbruck, O. and Michel, R. and Rösel,
                      R. and Meltzow, B. and Schiekel, T. and Sudbrock, F. and
                      Herpers, U. and Filges, D. and Bonani, G. and
                      Dittrich-Hannen, B. and Suter, M. and Kubik, P. W. and
                      Synal, H.-A.},
      title        = {{S}imulation of the interaction of galactic cosmic-ray
                      protons with meteoroids : on the production of radionuclides
                      in thick gabbro and iron targets irradiated isotropically
                      with 1.6 {G}e{V} protons},
      journal      = {Meteoritics $\&$ planetary science},
      volume       = {35},
      issn         = {1086-9379},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-34082},
      pages        = {287 - 318},
      year         = {2000},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Thick spherical targets made of gabbro (R = 25 cm) and of
                      steel (R = 10 cm) were irradiated isotropically with 1.6 GeV
                      protons at the Saturne synchrotron at Laboratoire National
                      Saturne (LNS)/CEN Saclay in order to simulate the
                      interaction in space of galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) protons
                      with stony and iron meteoroids. Proton fluences of 1.32 x
                      10(14) cm(-2) and 2.45 x 10(14) cm(-2) were received by the
                      gabbro and iron sphere, respectively, which corresponds to
                      cosmic-ray exposure ages of about 1.6 and 3.0 Ma. Both
                      artificial meteoroids contained large numbers of high-purity
                      target foils of up to 28 elements at different depths. In
                      these individual target foils, elementary production rates
                      of radionuclides and rare gas isotopes were measured by x-
                      and gamma-spectrometry, by low-level counting, accelerator
                      mass spectrometry (AMS), and by conventional rare gas mass
                      spectrometry. Also samples of the gabbro itself were
                      analyzed. Up to now, for each of the experiments, similar to
                      500 target-product combinations were investigated of which
                      the results for radionuclides are presented here. The
                      experimental production rates show a wide range of depth
                      profiles reflecting the differences between low-, medium-,
                      and high-energy products. The influence of the stony and
                      iron matrices on the production of secondary particles and
                      on particle transport, in general, and consequently on the
                      production rates is clearly exhibited by the phenomenology
                      of the production rates as well as by a detailed theoretical
                      analysis. Theoretical production rates were calculated in an
                      a priori way by folding depth-dependent spectra of primary
                      and secondary protons and secondary neutrons calculated by
                      Monte Carlo techniques with the excitation functions of the
                      underlying nuclear reactions. Discrepancies of up to a
                      factor of 2 between the experimental and a priori calculated
                      depth profiles are attributed to the poor quality of the
                      mostly theoretical neutron excitation functions. Improved
                      neutron excitation functions were obtained by least-squares
                      deconvolution techniques from experimental thick-target
                      production rates of up to five thick-target experiments in
                      which isotropic irradiations were performed. A posteriori
                      calculations using the adjusted neutron cross sections
                      describe the measured depth profiles of all these simulation
                      experiments within $9\%.$ The thus validated model
                      calculations provide a basis for reliable physical model
                      calculations of the production rates of cosmogenic nuclides
                      in stony and iron meteorites as well as in lunar samples and
                      terrestrial materials.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IKP},
      ddc          = {520},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB301},
      pnm          = {Teilchentransport, Detektorentwicklung und Simulationi},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK37},
      shelfmark    = {Geochemistry $\&$ Geophysics},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000086105200007},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/34082},
}