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@ARTICLE{Mangold:35993,
      author       = {Mangold, A. and Wagner, R. and Saathoff, H. and Schurath,
                      U. and Giesemann, C. and Ebert, V. and Krämer, M. and
                      Möhler, O.},
      title        = {{E}xperimental investigations of ice nucleation by
                      different types of aerosols in the aerosol chamber
                      {AIDA}:implications to microphysics of cirrus clouds},
      journal      = {Meteorologische Zeitschrift},
      volume       = {14},
      issn         = {0941-2948},
      address      = {Stuttgart},
      publisher    = {E. Schweizerbart Science Publishers},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-35993},
      pages        = {485 - 497},
      year         = {2005},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The aerosol chamber AIDA was used as a moderate expansion
                      cloud chamber with cooling rates at the onset of ice
                      nucleation between -1.3 and -3.0 K min(-1) to investigate
                      the nucleation and growth of ice crystals in sulphuric acid,
                      ammonium sulphate, and mineral dust aerosols at temperatures
                      between 196 and 224 K. Supercooled sulphuric acid droplets
                      with mean diameters of about 0.2 to 0.3 mu m nucleated ice
                      by homogeneous freezing at RHice increasing from 144 to
                      $166\%$ with temperatures from 220 and 196 K. This is in
                      good agreement both with previous results of AIDA
                      experiments and literature data. In contrast, ammonium
                      sulphate particles of similar size nucleated ice at the
                      significantly lower RHice of 120 to $127\%$ in the same
                      temperature range. Fourier-Transform infrared (FTIR)
                      extinction spectra of the aerosol revealed that the ammonium
                      sulphate particles, mainly consisted of the liquid phase.
                      The number concentration of ice crystals formed during the
                      homogeneous freezing experiments agree well with model
                      results from the literature. Higher ice crystal number
                      concentrations formed during the ammonium sulphate, compared
                      to the sulphuric acid experiments, can be explained by the
                      also somewhat higher cooling rates at ice nucleation.
                      Deposition ice nucleation on mineral dust particles turned
                      out to be the most efficient ice nucleation mechanism both
                      with respect to RHice at the onset of ice nucleation (102 to
                      $105\%$ in the temperature range 209 to 224 K) and the ice
                      crystal number concentration. Almost all mineral dust
                      particles nucleated ice at the lower temperatures.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-I},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB47},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000233148300007},
      doi          = {10.1127/0941-2948/2005/0053},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/35993},
}