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@ARTICLE{Kunkel:3703,
      author       = {Kunkel, R. and Eisele, M. and Wendland, F.},
      title        = {{A}ssessing {N}ecessary {N}utrient {R}eduction for
                      {M}easurement {P}lanning in {G}roundwater {B}odies},
      journal      = {Water science and technology},
      volume       = {58},
      issn         = {0273-1223},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {IWA Publishing},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-3703},
      pages        = {2295 - 2302},
      year         = {2008},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {For the Federal State of Lower Saxony, Germany, nitrogen
                      management options are developed and implemented in three
                      pilot areas using new participation approaches and
                      technologies suitable for programs of measures to reduce
                      diffuse pollution from agriculture. As a target value for
                      water protection measures a nitrate concentration in
                      percolation water of 50 mg/l as an average for a larger area
                      defined by the groundwater bodies and their hydrogeological
                      subdivisions has been defined. An integrative emission model
                      is used to simulate the interactions between agricultural
                      practice, nitrogen surpluses and the nitrogen flow through
                      the soil and aquifer to the outflow into surface waters. The
                      actual nitrate concentrations in percolation water are
                      calculated for the entire Federal State of Lower Saxony
                      considering site-characteristics, N-surpluses, water balance
                      and denitrification in the soil. The tolerable N-surpluses
                      needed to meet the environmental target are quantified as
                      averages for each of the hydrogeological subdivisions by
                      "backward" calculation using this model system. The required
                      reduction of N-surpluses was estimated by comparing the
                      tolerable N-surpluses with the actual state of nitrogen
                      emission. For the evaluation of the amount and efficiency of
                      water protection measures, the required reduction of
                      N-surpluses to accomplish the environmental target is
                      quantified, using the current status as a reference.},
      keywords     = {Geography / Germany / Nitrates: analysis / Soil / Water:
                      chemistry / Water Pollutants, Chemical: analysis / Water
                      Supply / Nitrates (NLM Chemicals) / Soil (NLM Chemicals) /
                      Water Pollutants, Chemical (NLM Chemicals) / Water (NLM
                      Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Engineering, Environmental / Environmental Sciences / Water
                      Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:19092207},
      UT           = {WOS:000261930500003},
      doi          = {10.2166/wst.2008.821},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/3703},
}