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@ARTICLE{Stefanutti:39741,
      author       = {Stefanutti, L. and McKenzie, A. R. and Santacesaria, V. and
                      Adriani, A. and Balestri, S. and Borrmann, S. and Khattatov,
                      V. and Mazinghi, P. and Merkulov, S. and Mitev, V. and
                      Rudakov, V. and Schiller, C. and Toci, G. and Volk, M. and
                      Yushkov, V. and Flentje, H. and Kiemle, C. and Noone, K. and
                      Redaelli, G. and Carslaw, K. S. and Peter, Th.},
      title        = {{T}he {APE}-{THESEO} tropical campaign: an overview},
      journal      = {Journal of atmospheric chemistry},
      volume       = {48},
      issn         = {0167-7764},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-39741},
      pages        = {1 - 33},
      year         = {2004},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The APE-THESEO campaign was held from 15 February to 15
                      March 1999 from the Seychelles in the western Indian Ocean.
                      APE-THESEO stands for 'Airborne Platform for Earth
                      observation-(contribution to) the Third European
                      Stratospheric Experiment on Ozone'. The campaign aimed to
                      study processes controlling the low water content of the
                      stratosphere, including the mechanisms of cloud formation in
                      the tropical tropopause region, and transport processes,
                      studied using measurements of long-lived trace gases and
                      ozone.Two aircraft were used: the high-altitude research
                      aircraft, M-55 Geophysica, which can fly up to 21 km, and
                      the Falcon of the Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt,
                      a tropospheric aircraft. Seven flights were performed,
                      including the first simultaneous in situ and remote sensing
                      of sub-visible cirrus clouds, the first interception of
                      sub-visible cirrus using in-flight guidance from a
                      pathfinding aircraft, and guided descent of a high-altitude
                      research aircraft into the anvil cloud at the top of a
                      tropical cyclone. In this paper we describe the payload
                      used, the objectives for each flight, and the meteorological
                      conditions encountered. First results show that a new type
                      of cloud, which we have dubbed ultra-thin tropical
                      tropopause cloud (UTTC), has been observed frequently, and
                      observed to cover areas of 10(5) km(2). The frequent
                      coincidence of the tropopause and hygropause implies that
                      the western Indian Ocean played an important role in the
                      dehydration of the lower tropical stratosphere during the
                      season of the mission. UTTCs, sub-visible cirrus, and
                      visible cirrus, have all been implicated in the observed
                      dehydration. Tracer measurements indicate little mixing of
                      stratospheric air into the upper tropical troposphere.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-I},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB47},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric
                      Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000222603900001},
      doi          = {10.1023/B:JOCH.0000034509.11746.b8},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/39741},
}