TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ainsworth, E. A.
AU  - Long, St. P.
TI  - What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2
JO  - The new phytologist
VL  - 165
SN  - 0028-646X
CY  - Oxford [u.a.]
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
M1  - PreJuSER-41621
SP  - 351 - 372
PY  - 2005
N1  - Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
AB  - Free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) experiments allow study of the effects of elevated [CO(2)] on plants and ecosystems grown under natural conditions without enclosure. Data from 120 primary, peer-reviewed articles describing physiology and production in the 12 large-scale FACE experiments (475-600 ppm) were collected and summarized using meta-analytic techniques. The results confirm some results from previous chamber experiments: light-saturated carbon uptake, diurnal C assimilation, growth and above-ground production increased, while specific leaf area and stomatal conductance decreased in elevated [CO(2)]. There were differences in FACE. Trees were more responsive than herbaceous species to elevated [CO(2)]. Grain crop yields increased far less than anticipated from prior enclosure studies. The broad direction of change in photosynthesis and production in elevated [CO(2)] may be similar in FACE and enclosure studies, but there are major quantitative differences: trees were more responsive than other functional types; C(4) species showed little response; and the reduction in plant nitrogen was small and largely accounted for by decreased Rubisco. The results from this review may provide the most plausible estimates of how plants in their native environments and field-grown crops will respond to rising atmospheric [CO(2)]; but even with FACE there are limitations, which are also discussed.
KW  - Acclimatization
KW  - Air
KW  - Carbon Dioxide: metabolism
KW  - Crops, Agricultural: metabolism
KW  - Fertilizers
KW  - Photosynthesis
KW  - Plant Leaves: physiology
KW  - Plants: metabolism
KW  - Fertilizers (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Carbon Dioxide (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:15720649
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000226423700005
DO  - DOI:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01224.x
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/41621
ER  -