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@ARTICLE{Javaux:41657,
      author       = {Javaux, M. and Vanclooster, M.},
      title        = {{I}n {S}itu {L}ong-{T}erm {C}hloride {T}ransport through a
                      {L}ayered, {N}onsaturated {S}ubsoil . 2 . {E}ffect of
                      {L}ayering on {S}olute {T}ransport {P}rocesses},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {3},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Madison, Wis.},
      publisher    = {SSSA},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-41657},
      pages        = {1331 - 1339},
      year         = {2004},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {We analyze observed Cl- transport during a large-scale in
                      situ unsaturated infiltration experiment in terms of the
                      observation scale of the transport process and the physical
                      stratification of the Tertiary sedimentary flow domain. By
                      comparing piston flow and local velocity profiles, we show
                      that velocity variations cannot be explained by water
                      content changes alone. We also demonstrate that by comparing
                      a layered convection - dispersion ( CD) model with the
                      observations, the dispersivity profile cannot be explained
                      with the model, which produced unrealistic local
                      dispersivity values. These discrepancies were partially
                      explained by nonrepresentative sampling using porous cup
                      solution samplers (PCS). We hypothesize that fingering flow
                      or convergence phenomena below sand - clay interfaces leads
                      to nonrepresentative artificially high dispersivity values.
                      Velocity and dispersivity values immediately above the clay
                      layers, however, seem more reliable to convergence and more
                      lateral mixing induced by a larger water Following the
                      criteria derived from the Chuoke equation, we show that the
                      subsoil can be subjected to fingering flow. We found that
                      this process likely persisted for some 17 yr. Therefore, we
                      conclude that the fine-textured clayey layers regulated the
                      flow rate through time, approaching a quasi-steady-state
                      flow condition. Overall, solute transport processes in the
                      unsaturated layered subsoil appeared to be very strongly
                      influenced by stratification of the flow domain. An highly
                      variable flow field was induced by the clay layers in a
                      sandy deposit, while the local PCS sampling devices were
                      likely too small to properly assess the mixing regime at
                      this large scale.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-IV},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB50},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Soil Science / Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000227469200028},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/41657},
}