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000045074 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.027
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000045074 084__ $$2WoS$$aEnvironmental Sciences
000045074 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129438$$aBerns, A.$$b0$$uFZJ
000045074 245__ $$aUse of 15N-depleted artificial compost in bound residue studies
000045074 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2005
000045074 300__ $$a649 - 658
000045074 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article
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000045074 520__ $$aAssociation of bound residues to soil humic matter may be accomplished by different binding mechanisms such as sequestration in hydrophobic interiors of the organic material or covalent linkage to the organic matter. The structures and chemical environments of compounds can be observed by NMR spectroscopy. We applied 15N-NMR spectroscopy to study the soil-bound residues of 15N-labeled simazine. As the 15N-isotope has a low sensitivity and natural abundance 15N-NMR experiments require long measurement times and often result in low signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios. Therefore, in addition to the use of 15N-labeled simazine, 15N-depleted compost was used to reduce the amount of background signal and enhance the sensitivity. The compost was produced from maize and wheat plants grown on sand with 15N-depleted NH4NO3 as sole nitrogen source. The plants were freeze-dried, ground and mixed with sand for composting. After a composting period of 224 days analysis of the compost revealed a 15N-content of 267 ppm as opposed to a natural abundance of 3650 ppm. Characterization of this artificial compost produced parameter values similar to those of a natural compost. The 13C-NMR-spectra of the humic and fulvic acids during different stages of maturity showed that there was a shift from single-bond functional groups to more complex double-bond and aromatic structures. Experiments with this compost showed an increased signal intensity. The improved sensitivity made it possible to obtain interpretable NMR signals in contrast to experiments with 15N-simazine on native soil where no signals were detectable. The data indicated that the bound residues of simazine are composed of metabolites resulting from N-dealkylation and triazine ring destruction. Silylation of the bound residues showed a very strong binding of the residues to the matrix as only a small fraction could be solubilized.
000045074 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aChemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre$$cU01$$x0
000045074 588__ $$aDataset connected to Web of Science, Pubmed
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aChromatography, Gel
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aHumic Substances: analysis
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: methods
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNitrogen Isotopes
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aPesticide Residues: chemistry
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSimazine: chemistry
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aSoil: analysis
000045074 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aTrimethylsilyl Compounds
000045074 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aHumic Substances
000045074 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aNitrogen Isotopes
000045074 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aPesticide Residues
000045074 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aSoil
000045074 650_7 $$00$$2NLM Chemicals$$aTrimethylsilyl Compounds
000045074 650_7 $$0122-34-9$$2NLM Chemicals$$aSimazine
000045074 650_7 $$075-77-4$$2NLM Chemicals$$atrimethylchlorosilane
000045074 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ
000045074 65320 $$2Author$$aN-15-depleted compost
000045074 65320 $$2Author$$abound residues
000045074 65320 $$2Author$$aN-15-CPMAS spectroscopy
000045074 65320 $$2Author$$aN-15-labeled simazine
000045074 65320 $$2Author$$asilylation
000045074 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB21718$$aVinken, R.$$b1$$uFZJ
000045074 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB21719$$aBertmer, M.$$b2$$uFZJ
000045074 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB21720$$aBreitschwerdt, A.$$b3$$uFZJ
000045074 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB1399$$aSchäffer, A.$$b4$$uFZJ
000045074 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1496851-4$$a10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.027$$gVol. 59, p. 649 - 658$$p649 - 658$$q59<649 - 658$$tChemosphere$$v59$$x0045-6535$$y2005
000045074 8567_ $$uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.10.027
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