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@ARTICLE{Niu:45560,
      author       = {Niu, A. Z. and Stellbrink, J. and Allgaier, J. and Willner,
                      L. and Radulescu, A. and Richter, D. and Koenig, B. W. and
                      May, R. P. and Fetters, L. J.},
      title        = {{A}n in situ study of the t-butyllithium initiated
                      polymerization of butadiene in d-heptane via small angle
                      neutron scattering and 1{H}-{NMR}},
      journal      = {The journal of chemical physics},
      volume       = {122},
      issn         = {0021-9606},
      address      = {Melville, NY},
      publisher    = {American Institute of Physics},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-45560},
      pages        = {134906},
      year         = {2005},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {We present a combined 1H-NMR and small angle neutron
                      scattering in situ study of the anionic polymerization of
                      butadiene using t-butyllithium as the initiator. Both
                      initiation and propagation phases were explored. This
                      combined approach allows the structural and kinetic
                      characteristics to be accessed and cross compared. The use
                      of the D22 instrument (ILL Grenoble) permits the attainment
                      of Q approximately equal to 2 x 10(-3) A. This, in turn, led
                      to the identification of coexisting large-scale and smaller
                      aggregates during all stages of the polymerization. The
                      smaller aggregates contain most of the reacted monomers.
                      Their structure changes from high functionality wormlike
                      chains at early stages of the reaction to starlike
                      aggregates where the crossover occurs at a degree of
                      polymerization of approximately equal to 40. The initiation
                      event involved these small, high functionality
                      (approximately equal to 120) aggregates that apparently
                      consisted of cross-associated t-butyllithium with the newly
                      formed allylic-lithium head groups. As the initiation event
                      progressed the initiation rate increased while the
                      functionality of these small aggregates decreased and their
                      size increased. Propagation, in the absence of initiation,
                      was found to have a rate constant that was molecular weight
                      dependent. At approximately 11 kg/mol the measured
                      polymerization rate was found to increase while no further
                      structural changes were seen.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBI-2 / IFF-INS},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB58 / I:(DE-Juel1)VDB341},
      pnm          = {Neurowissenschaften / Kondensierte Materie},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK255 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK242},
      shelfmark    = {Physics, Atomic, Molecular $\&$ Chemical},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:15847501},
      UT           = {WOS:000228390100055},
      doi          = {10.1063/1.1866092},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/45560},
}