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@ARTICLE{Voigt:45971,
      author       = {Voigt, C. and Schlager, H. and Luo, B. and Dörnbrack, A.
                      and Roiger, A. and Stock, P. and Curtius, J. and Vössing,
                      H. and Borrmann, S. and Davies, S. and Konopka, Paul and
                      Schiller, C. and Shur, G. and Peter, T.},
      title        = {{N}itric acid trihydrate ({NAT}) formation at low {NAT}
                      supersaturations in {P}olar {S}tratospheric {C}louds
                      ({PSC}s)},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {5},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-45971},
      pages        = {1371-1380},
      year         = {2005},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {A PSC was detected on 6 February 2003 in the Arctic
                      stratosphere by in-situ measurements onboard the
                      high-altitude research aircraft Geophysica. Low number
                      densities (similar to 10(-4) cm(-3)) of small nitric acid
                      (HNO3) containing particles (d< 6 mu m) were observed at
                      altitudes between 18 and 20 km. Provided the temperatures
                      remain below the NAT equilibrium temperature TNAT, these NAT
                      particles have the potential to grow further and to remove
                      HNO3 from the stratosphere, thereby enhancing polar ozone
                      loss. Interestingly, the NAT particles formed in less than a
                      day at temperatures just slightly below T-NAT ( T> T-NAT-
                      3.1 K). This unique measurement of PSC formation at
                      extremely low NAT saturation ratios (S-NAT less than or
                      similar to 10) constrains current NAT nucleation theories.
                      We suggest, that the NAT particles have formed
                      heterogeneously, but for certain not on ice. Conversely,
                      meteoritic particles may be favorable candidates for
                      triggering NAT nucleation at the observed low number
                      densities.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-I},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB47},
      pnm          = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000229615500002},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/45971},
}