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@ARTICLE{Wolf:46039,
      author       = {Wolf, K.-J. and Smeda, A. and Müller, M. and Hilpert, K.},
      title        = {{I}nvestigations on the {I}nfluence of {A}dditives for
                      {SO}2 {R}eduction during {H}igh {A}lkaline {B}iomass
                      {C}ombustion},
      journal      = {Energy $\&$ fuels},
      volume       = {19},
      issn         = {0887-0624},
      address      = {Columbus, Ohio},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-46039},
      pages        = {820 - 824},
      year         = {2005},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Straw and other biomasses can cause severe problems when
                      used as fuel in combustion systems. Some of the major
                      problems include high emission of alkalis, HCl, and
                      especially SO2 to the gas phase. The development of low-cost
                      primary measures for achieving a SO2 emission below the
                      European Union (EU) emission limit of 200 mg/Nm(3) without
                      the need for the installation of a flue gas desulfurization
                      unit requires an increased understanding of the chemistry of
                      biomass combustion. For this reason, laboratory combustion
                      experiments with two different high alkaline (HIAL)
                      biomasses doped with additives have been conducted in the
                      temperature range of 800-1100 degrees C. The use of a
                      high-pressure mass spectrometry (HPMS) sampling technique
                      allows the on-line specification of combustion byproducts
                      such as K, Na, S, and Cl species in the combustion flue
                      gases. The results of the measurements show that the SO2
                      emission may be related to the K/S and K/Si ratios in the
                      initial samples. The release of potassium is mostly
                      dependent on the chlorine content of the samples. Calcium-
                      and potassium-based additives are able to reduce the release
                      of SO2 into the gas phase.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IWV-2},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB2},
      pnm          = {Werkstoffsysteme für Kraftwerke},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK248},
      shelfmark    = {Energy $\&$ Fuels / Engineering, Chemical},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000229320700014},
      doi          = {10.1021/ef040081a},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/46039},
}