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@ARTICLE{Xiao:4682,
      author       = {Xiao, R. and Takegawa, N. and Kondo, Y. and Miyazaki, Y.
                      and Miyakawa, T. and Hu, M. and Shao, M. and Zeng, L.M. and
                      Hofzumahaus, A. and Holland, F. and Lu, K. and Sugimoto, N.
                      and Zhao, Y. and Zhang, Y.H.},
      title        = {{F}ormation of submicron sulfate and organic aerosols in
                      the outflow from the urban region of the {P}earl {R}iver
                      {D}elta in {C}hina},
      journal      = {Atmospheric environment},
      volume       = {43},
      issn         = {1352-2310},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-4682},
      pages        = {3754 - 3763},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {This research was supported by China National Basic
                      Research and Development Programs 2002CB410801 and
                      2002CB211605. This work also was supported by the Ministry
                      of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology
                      (MEXT) and the global environment research fund of the
                      Japanese Ministry of the Environment (B-083). We thank the
                      China Scholarship Council for the scholarship supporting R.
                      Xiao at the University of Tokyo, Japan. The authors thank D.
                      Kodama, M. Shiraiwa. S. Han, P. Lin, and Z. Deng for their
                      support of the field experiments and Dr. X.D. Liu at the
                      Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences and Dr.
                      Y.F. Cheng at the Leibniz-lnstitute for Tropospheric
                      Research for their constructive suggestions. We also would
                      like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful
                      comments.},
      abstract     = {Size-resolved chemical compositions of non-refractory
                      submicron aerosols were measured using a quadrupole Aerodyne
                      aerosol mass spectrometer at a rural site near Guangzhou in
                      the Pearl River Delta (PRD) of China in the summer of 2006.
                      Two cases characterized as the outflows from the PRD urban
                      region with plumes of high SO2 concentration were
                      investigated. The evolution of sulfate size distributions
                      was observed on a timescale of several hours. Namely mass
                      concentrations of sulfate in the condensation mode (with
                      vacuum aerodynamic diameters (D-va) < 300 nm) increased at a
                      rate of about 0.17-0.37 ppbv h(-1) during the daytime. This
                      finding was consistent with the sulfuric acid production
                      rates of about 0.17-0.3 ppbv h(-1), as calculated from the
                      observed gas-phase concentrations of OH (similar to 3.3 x
                      10(6)-1.7 x 10(7) cm(-3)) and SO2 (similar to 3-21.2 ppbv).
                      This implies that the growth of sulfate in the condensation
                      mode was mainly due to gas-phase oxidation of SO2. The
                      observed rapid increase was caused mainly by the concurrent
                      high concentrations of OH and SO2 in the air mass. The
                      evolution of the mass size distributions of m/z 44, a tracer
                      for oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA), was very similar to
                      that of sulfate. The mass loadings of m/z 44 were strongly
                      correlated with those of sulfate (r(2) = 0.99) in the
                      condensation mode, indicating that ODA might also be formed
                      by the gas-phase oxidation of volatile organic compound
                      (VOC) precursors. It is likely that sulfate and ODA were
                      internally mixed throughout the whole size range in the air
                      mass. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric
                      Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000268609000012},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.04.028},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/4682},
}