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@PHDTHESIS{Feck:4721,
      author       = {Feck, Thomas},
      title        = {{W}asserstoff-{E}missionen und ihre {A}uswirkungen auf den
                      arktischen {O}zonverlust-{R}isikoanalyse einer globalen
                      {W}asserstoffwirtschaft},
      volume       = {51},
      issn         = {1866-1793},
      school       = {Universität Wuppertal},
      type         = {Dr. (Univ.)},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-4721},
      isbn         = {978-3-89336-593-7},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich : Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {180 S.},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012; Univ. Wuppertal,
                      Diss., 2009},
      abstract     = {Hydrogen (H$_{2}$) could be used as one of the major
                      components in our future energy supply in an effort to avoid
                      greenhouse gas emissions. ”Green” hydrogen in
                      particular, which is produced from renewable energy sources,
                      should significantly reduce emissions that damage the
                      climate. Despite this basically environmentally-friendly
                      property, however, the complex chain of interactions of
                      hydrogen with other compounds means that the implications
                      for the atmosphere must be analysed in detail. For example,
                      H$_{2}$ emissions, which could increase the tropospheric
                      H$_{2}$ inventory, can be released throughout the complete
                      hydrogen process chain. H$_{2}$ enters the stratosphere via
                      the tropical tropopause and is oxidised there to form water
                      vapour (H$_{2}$O). This extra water vapour causes increased
                      radiation in the infrared region of the electromagnetic
                      spectrum and thus causes the stratosphere to cool down. Both
                      the increase in H$_{2}$O and the resulting cooling down of
                      the stratosphere encourage the formation of polar
                      stratospheric clouds (PSC) and liquid sulphate aerosols,
                      which facilitate the production of reactive chlorine, which
                      in turn currently leads to dramatic ozone depletion in the
                      polar stratosphere. In the future, H$_{2}$ emissions from a
                      global hydrogen economy could therefore encourage
                      stratospheric ozone depletion in the polar regions and thus
                      inhibit the ozone layer in recovering from the damage caused
                      by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). In addition to estimating
                      possible influences on the trace gas composition of the
                      stratosphere, one of the main aims of this thesis is to
                      evaluate the risk associated with increased polar ozone
                      depletion caused by additional H$_{2}$ emissions. Studies
                      reported on here have shown that even if around 90\% of
                      today’s fossil primary energy input was to be replaced by
                      hydrogen and if around 9.5\% of the gas was to escape in a
                      ”worst-case” scenario, the additional ozone loss for
                      unchanged CFC loading in the stratosphere would amount to a
                      maximum of between around 4 and 7\% (15 - 26 Dobson Units
                      [DU]). A consistency check of the applied approximation
                      technique with the chemistry-transport model, CLaMS, shows
                      that this estimate is more than likely the upper limit. If
                      more realistic estimates are made of future hydrogen
                      emission rates, then additional ozone depletion is rather
                      low (≤ 2.5\% ≈ 10 DU). Furthermore, the adverse effects
                      only fully come into play, if CFC quantities remain static.
                      Due to the CFC phase-out in the Montreal Protocol, current
                      forecasts predict a decrease of about 50\% in CFC loading by
                      2050, whereby the added effect would amount to less than 1\%
                      (≤ 4 DU). When compared to the positive effect on the
                      climate, if greenhouse gas emissions are avoided, the damage
                      potential of H2 emissions caused by a global hydrogen
                      economy for stratospheric ozone depletion is therefore very
                      low.},
      cin          = {ICG-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB790},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/4721},
}