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@ARTICLE{Shindell:4844,
      author       = {Shindell, D.T. and Teich, H. and Chin, M. and Dentener, F.
                      and Doherty, R.M. and Faluvegi, G. and Fiore, A.M. and Hess,
                      P. and MacKenzie, I.A. and Sanderson, M.G. and Schultz, M.
                      G. and Schulz, M. and Stevenson, D.S. and Textor, C. and
                      Wild, O. and Bergmann, D.J. and Bian, H. and Cuvelier, C.
                      and Duncan, B. N. and Folberth, G. and Horowitz, L.W. and
                      Jonson, J. and Kaminski, J.W. and Marmer, E. and Park, R.
                      and Pringle, K.J. and Schroeder, S. and Szopa, S. and
                      Takemura, T. and Zeng, G. and Keating, T.J. and Zuber, A.},
      title        = {{A} multi-model assessment of pollution transport to the
                      {A}rctic},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {8},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-4844},
      pages        = {5353 - 5372},
      year         = {2008},
      note         = {We thank the NASA Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and
                      Analysis Program for support, and D. Henze for comments. MGS
                      and KJP were funded by the UK Defra under contract AQ0409,
                      and were also supported by the Joint Defra and MoD
                      programme, (Defra) GA01 101 (MoD) CBC/2B/0417-Annex C5. This
                      work was perfomed under the umbrella of the Task Force -
                      Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (www.htap.org).},
      abstract     = {We examine the response of Arctic gas and aerosol
                      concentrations to perturbations in pollutant emissions from
                      Europe. East and South Asia, and North America using results
                      from a coordinated model intercomparison. These
                      sensitivities to regional emissions (mixing ratio change per
                      unit emission) vary widely across models and species.
                      Intermodel differences are systematic, however, so that the
                      relative importance of different regions is robust. North
                      America contributes the most to Arctic ozone pollution. For
                      aerosols and CO, European emissions dominate at the Arctic
                      surface but East Asian emissions become progressively more
                      important with altitude, and arc dominant in the upper
                      troposphere. Sensitivities show strong seasonality: surface
                      sensitivities typically maximize during boreal winter for
                      European and during spring for East Asian and North American
                      emissions. Mid-tropospheric sensitivities, however, nearly
                      always maximize during spring or summer for all regions.
                      Deposition of black carbon (BC) onto Greenland is most
                      sensitive to North American emissions. North America and
                      Europe each contribute similar to $40\%$ of total BC
                      deposition to Greenland, with similar to $20\%$ from East
                      Asia. Elsewhere in the Arctic, both sensitivity and total BC
                      deposition are dominated by European emissions. Model
                      diversity for aerosols is especially large, resulting
                      primarily from differences in aerosol physical and chemical
                      processing, (including removal). Comparison of modeled
                      aerosol concentrations with observations indicates problems
                      in the models, and perhaps, interpretation of the
                      measurements. For gas phase pollutants such as CO and O-3,
                      which are relatively well-simulated, the processes
                      contributing most to uncertainties depend on the source
                      region and altitude examined. Uncertainties in the Arctic
                      surface CO response to emissions perturbations are dominated
                      by emissions for East Asian sources, while uncertainties in
                      transport, emissions. and oxidation are comparable for
                      European and North American sources. At higher levels.
                      model-to-model variations in transport and oxidation are
                      most important. Differences in photochemistry appear to play
                      the largest role in the intermodel variations in Arctic
                      ozone sensitivity, though transport also contributes
                      substantially in the mid-troposphere.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000259221400019},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/4844},
}