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@PHDTHESIS{Drewes:49543,
author = {Drewes, Norbert},
title = {{U}msatz verschiedener {E}rnterückstände in einem
{B}odensäulenversuchssystem - {E}influss auf die organische
{B}odensubstanz und den {T}ransport zweier {X}enobiotika.},
volume = {59},
school = {RWTH Aachen},
type = {Dr. (Univ.)},
address = {Jülich},
publisher = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
reportid = {PreJuSER-49543},
isbn = {3-89336-417-X},
series = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe Umwelt /
Environment},
pages = {XI, 201 S.},
year = {2005},
note = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012; RWTH Aachen, Diss.,
2005},
abstract = {Knowledge about the formation and structure of soil organic
matter provides essential contributions towards
understanding fundamental soil functions and thus
contributes to securing a high-yielding and sustainable
agriculture. With a view to the translocation or
immobilization and the conversion of widely differing
xenobiotics, soil organic matter has frequently received
attention in numerous studies. In the present study, the
conversion of four different crop residues (maize straw,
sugar beet leaves freeze-dried, oat straw, rape straw),
applied in quantities as usual in agricultural practice, and
their impact on the transport behaviour of the two
xenobiotics benzo[a]pyrene and benazolin was investigated in
soil column experiments with undisturbed soil cores (40 cm
length, 20 cm diameter) of an orthic luvisol. In addition, a
soil column variant without crop residues was examined for
comparison. During the experimental period, different
physical and chemical parameters were observed in the soil
of the soil cores and in the percolate. Particular attention
was given here to the structure of the soil organic matter,
which was investigated by different spectroscopic methods.
The results of the study can be summarized as follows: •
The conversion of the different crop residues was observed
for twelve weeks by measuring soil respiration rates.
Subsequently, selected soil columns were segmented and the
elemental composition of the soil segments analysed. During
the experimental period, the pH value and the DOC content in
the percolate were determined. By recording the soil
respiration rates it was possible to reproduce both the
quality of the crop residues and the conversion profile.
Thus, for example, the freeze-dried beet leaves with soil
respiration rates of 10 g ⋅ m$^{–1}$ h$^{-1}$ were
converted much faster than the other crop residues. The
influence of soil tillage operations prior to incorporating
the crop residues on the activity of soil microorganisms was
also documented. This technique newly introduced at the
institute has proved very efficient and can be a valuable
aid in further noninvasive studies of microbial activity.
Sampling times can also be better defined by accompanying
measurements. • The discharge of dissolved organic carbon
was observed for twelve weeks after incorporating the crop
residues. The DOC concentrations in the percolate of the
soil columns varied significantly both within one variant
and between the soil columns. DOC concentrations between
approx. 30 mg ⋅ L$^{-1}$ and more than 2500 mg ⋅
L$^{-1}$ were measured in the percolate. For the extremely
high DOC concentrations no parallel was found for other
experimental arrangements in the literature. Nevertheless,
the critical micelle concentration was not attained. The
incorporation of the crop residues led to an increase in DOC
concentration in nearly all the soil columns and then
decreased [...]},
cin = {ICG-IV},
ddc = {333.7},
cid = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB50},
pnm = {Chemie und Dynamik der Geo-Biosphäre},
pid = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK257},
typ = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
url = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/49543},
}