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@ARTICLE{Javaux:51766,
      author       = {Javaux, M. and Kasteel, R. and Vanderborght, J. and
                      Vanclooster, M.},
      title        = {{I}nterpretation of {D}ye {T}ransport in a
                      {M}acroscopically {H}eterogeneous, {U}nsaturated {S}ubsoil
                      with a {O}ne-{D}imensional {M}odel},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {5},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Madison, Wis.},
      publisher    = {SSSA},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-51766},
      pages        = {529 - 538},
      year         = {2006},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The objective of this study was to identify physical and
                      chemical processes affecting Brilliant Blue (BB) transport
                      in an unsaturated, macroscopically heterogeneous subsoil. We
                      performed a BB leaching experiment in a 1-m-long undisturbed
                      sandy monolith with a 10-cm-thick discontinuous clay layer
                      0.2 m below the surface. Two-dimensional BB concentration
                      distributions were derived from image analysis at several
                      depths in the monolith. Results showed several features of
                      nonideal transport: (i) a deeper than expected travel depth,
                      (ii) extensive tailing and a secondary peak in the BB depth
                      profile, (iii) a lower than expected BB concentration in the
                      upper part of the soil profile where the invading dye tracer
                      solution was assumed to have replaced the initial solution,
                      and (iv) a decrease in the concentration variability between
                      the surface and the 2-cm depth. These results were in sharp
                      contrast with inert transport experiments that suggested
                      homogeneous flow and transport characterized by small
                      dispersivity lengths. The macrostructure (i.e., the
                      discontinuous clay layer and the nonuniform irrigation)
                      determined the BB transport. A simulation with a
                      one-dimensional transport model using an effective water
                      content and sorption isotherm that was directly derived from
                      the cross-sectional area of the clay layer suggested that
                      the macrostructure alone was not sufficient to explain the
                      BB distribution. Moreover, a two-site kinetic sorption model
                      was needed to reproduce the tailing of the BB profile and
                      the lower than expected concentrations at the soil surface.
                      Since batch sorption experiments did not reveal rate-limited
                      sorption, we postulate that the unsaturated flow conditions
                      led to reduced accessibility of the sorption sites, thus
                      decreasing the sorption rate.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-IV},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB50},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Soil Science / Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000237916500002},
      doi          = {10.2136/vzj2005.0085},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/51766},
}