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@PHDTHESIS{Hoffmann:51782,
      author       = {Hoffmann, Lars},
      title        = {{S}chnelle {S}purengasretrieval für das
                      {S}atellitenexperiment {E}nvisat {MIPAS}},
      volume       = {4207},
      issn         = {0944-2952},
      school       = {Univ. Wuppertal},
      type         = {Dr. (Univ.)},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-51782, Juel-4207},
      series       = {Berichte des Forschungszentrums Jülich},
      pages        = {143 p.},
      year         = {2006},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012; Wuppertal, Univ.,
                      Diss., 2006},
      abstract     = {Remote sensing measurements are most important to
                      understand the complicated dynamical and chemical processes
                      occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. Only the measurements
                      made by space-borne experiments can give a continuous and
                      global overview of the atmospheric state. Most exact and
                      comprehensive measurements made by such experiments are
                      necessary to validate and improve atmospheric models which
                      combine the knowledge on numerous mechanisms in the
                      atmosphere. Since March 2002 the instrument MIPAS (Michelson
                      Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) is
                      operating aboard Envisat, which is the largest and most
                      ambitious satellite ever built by the European Space Agency.
                      MIPAS measures the thermal emissions of atmospheric
                      constituents like trace gases, aerosols and clouds arising
                      from the atmospheric limb. Within the retrieval process
                      geophysical parameters like pressure, temperature, and trace
                      gas concentrations are derived from these measurements. A
                      special feature of MIPAS is its high spectral resolution
                      which allows to gather information on a large number of
                      atmospheric trace species. The analysis of remote sensing
                      measurements made by satellite experiments is an extensive
                      task as time-consuming radiative transfer calculations and
                      substantial amounts of data are typically involved. Envisat
                      MIPAS provides 300 megabyte of measurement data during a
                      single orbit. For future experiments, e. g. the GLORIA
                      instrument (Global Limb Radiance Imager for the Atmosphere)
                      recently proposed by the research centers Juelich and
                      Karlsruhe, the amount of data may even increase by several
                      orders of magnitude. A very important component in the
                      analysis of atmospheric remote sensing measurements is the
                      forward model. It is used to simulate the measurements of an
                      instrument for a given atmospheric state. The rapid and
                      flexible forward model JURASSIC (Juelich Rapid Spectral
                      Simulation Code) was developed as part of this thesis. An
                      innovative retrieval processor was created based on JURASSIC
                      that allows for the analysis of current satellite
                      measurements, as e. g. made by Envisat MIPAS, but is also
                      suited to be a basic module in the analysis of future
                      experiments. The description of structure and possible
                      applications of JURASSIC and the retrieval system are a
                      principal topic of this thesis. The JURASSIC retrieval
                      system has been applied to derive the global distribution of
                      the chlorofluorocarbons CFC-11 and CFC-12 from Envisat MIPAS
                      measurements. These trace species are not part of the ESA
                      operational retrieval at all. Scientific retrievals carried
                      out by other working groups cover only rather limited sets
                      of CFC-11 and CFC-12 data. Here, in contrast, the full
                      measurement period from July 2002 to March 2004 is analyzed
                      comprehensively. This could only be done, since the JURASSIC
                      retrieval system allows for a very rapid processing of all
                      these measurements. The derived CFC-11 and CFC-12 data are
                      compared to external MIPAS retrievals and successfully
                      validated using independent measurements. Hence, they are
                      suited for further scientific analysis. Being long-lived
                      trace species, CFC-11 and CFC-12 are most useful for
                      dynamical studies in the upper troposphere and lower
                      stratosphere region. Zonal means and variances of these
                      species have been analyzed. They are mainly influenced by
                      the residual mean circulation of the stratosphere and the
                      activity of planetary waves. MIPAS measurements are most
                      useful as they allow to study the seasonal behavior of these
                      processes. In addition, the derived CFC-11 and CFC-12
                      distributions are ideally suited to investigate strongly
                      disturbed dynamical situations. An example is the antarctic
                      major warming in September 2002, which led to a split of the
                      antarctic polar vortex. Such an event has never been
                      observed before. CFC-11 and CFC-12 measurements during this
                      period compare well to simulations made by the atmospheric
                      model CLaMS (Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere),
                      which allows to study the processes occurring in such events
                      in great detail.},
      cin          = {ICG-I},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB47},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)11 / PUB:(DE-HGF)3},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/51782},
}