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@ARTICLE{Williams:5446,
      author       = {Williams, J. E. and Scheele, M.P. and van Velthoven, P.F.J.
                      and Cammas, J.-P. and Thouret, V. and Galy-Lacaux, C. and
                      Volz-Thomas, A.},
      title        = {{T}he influence of biogenic emissions from {A}frica on
                      tropical tropospheric ozone during 2006: a global modeling
                      study},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-5446},
      pages        = {5729 - 5749},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {The authors acknowledge the EU integrated project AMMA
                      (African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis) for the support
                      network and funding. Based on a French initiative, AMMA was
                      built by an international scientific group and is currently
                      funded by a large number of agencies, especially from
                      France, the United Kingdom, the United States and Africa. It
                      has been the beneficiary of a major financial contribution
                      from the European Community Sixth Framework Research
                      Programme. Detailed information on scientific co-ordination
                      and funding is available on the AMMA International Web site
                      at www.amma-international.org. We are also grateful to Hans
                      Schlager (DLR), Gerard Ancellet (Service d'Aeronomie) and
                      the Facility for Airborne Atmospheric Measurements (FAAM)
                      for permission to use the measurements taken during the AMMA
                      measurement campaign. We also acknowledge both the POET and
                      RETRO EU projects for providing the emission inventories for
                      both used in this study and the INSU-CNRS (France), the
                      European Network of Excellence ACCENT and the ICG
                      Forschungszentrum Julich (Germany) for providing the
                      transportation and maintenance costs of the MOZAIC
                      instrumentation onboard the Air Namibia aircraft. The MOZAIC
                      database is managed by ETHER (CNES and INSU-CNRS, France).
                      Finally, we thank the two anonymous referees who made
                      suggestions which improved the readability of the
                      manuscript.},
      abstract     = {We have performed simulations using a 3-D global
                      chemistry-transport model to investigate the influence that
                      biogenic emissions from the African continent exert on the
                      composition of the troposphere in the tropical region. For
                      this purpose we have applied two recently developed biogenic
                      emission inventories provided for use in large-scale global
                      models (Granier et al., 2005; LathiSre et al., 2006) whose
                      seasonality and temporal distribution for biogenic emissions
                      of isoprene, other volatile organic compounds and NO is
                      markedly different. The use of the 12 year average values
                      for biogenic emissions provided by LathiSre et al. (2006)
                      results in an increase in the amount of nitrogen
                      sequestrated into longer lived reservoir compounds which
                      contributes to the reduction in the tropospheric ozone
                      burden in the tropics. The associated re-partitioning of
                      nitrogen between PAN, HNO3 and organic nitrates also results
                      in a similar to $5\%$ increase in the loss of nitrogen by
                      wet deposition. At a global scale there is a reduction in
                      the oxidizing capacity of the model atmosphere which
                      increases the atmospheric lifetimes of CH4 and CO by similar
                      to $1.5\%$ and similar to $4\%,$ respectively. Comparisons
                      against a range of different measurements indicate that
                      applying the 12 year average of LathiSre et al. (2006)
                      improves the performance of $TM4_AMMA$ for 2006 in the
                      tropics. By the use of sensitivity studies we show that the
                      release of NO from soils in Africa accounts for between
                      similar to $2-45\%$ of tropospheric ozone in the African
                      troposphere, similar to $10\%$ in the upper troposphere and
                      between similar to $5-20\%$ of the tropical tropospheric
                      ozone column over the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The
                      subsequent reduction in OH over the source regions allows
                      enhanced transport of CO out of the region. For biogenic
                      volatile organic C1 to C3 species released from Africa, the
                      effects on tropical tropospheric ozone are rather limited,
                      although this source contributes to the global burden of VOC
                      by between similar to $2-4\%$ and has a large influence on
                      the organic composition of the troposphere over the tropical
                      Atlantic Ocean.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000268876600020},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/5446},
}