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000055605 084__ $$2WoS$$aAstronomy & Astrophysics
000055605 084__ $$2WoS$$aGeosciences, Multidisciplinary
000055605 084__ $$2WoS$$aMeteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
000055605 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBlum, U.$$b0
000055605 245__ $$aSimultaneous lidar observations of a polar stratospheric cloud on the east and west sides of the Scandinavian mountains and microphysical box model simulations
000055605 260__ $$aKaltenburg, Lindau$$bCopernicus$$c2006
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000055605 440_0 $$0419$$aAnnales Geophysicae-Atmospheres, Hydrospheres and Space Sciences$$v24$$x0992-7689
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000055605 520__ $$aThe importance of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) for polar ozone depletion is well established. Lidar experiments are well suited to observe and classify polar stratospheric clouds. On 5 January 2005 a PSC was observed simultaneously on the east and west sides of the Scandinavian mountains by ground-based lidars. This cloud was composed of liquid particles with a mixture of solid particles in the upper part of the cloud. Multi-colour measurements revealed that the liquid particles had a mode radius of r approximate to 300 nm, a distribution width of sigma approximate to 1.04 and an altitude dependent number density of N approximate to 2-20 cm(-3). Simulations with a microphysical box model show that the cloud had formed about 20 h before observation. High HNO3 concentrations in the PSC of 40-50 weight percent were simulated in the altitude regions where the liquid particles were observed, while this concentration was reduced to about 10 weight percent in that part of the cloud where a mixture between solid and liquid particles was observed by the lidar. The model simulations also revealed a very narrow particle size distribution with values similar to the lidar observations. Below and above the cloud almost no HNO3 uptake was simulated. Although the PSC shows distinct wave signatures, no gravity wave activity was observed in the temperature profiles measured by the lidars and meteorological analyses support this observation. The observed cloud must have formed in a wave field above Iceland about 20h prior to the measurements and the cloud wave pattern was advected by the background wind to Scandinavia. In this wave field above Iceland temperatures potentially dropped below the ice formation temperature, so that ice clouds may have formed which can act as condensation nuclei for the nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles observed at the cloud top above Esrange.
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000055605 65320 $$2Author$$aatmospheric composition and structure
000055605 65320 $$2Author$$acloud physics and chemistry
000055605 65320 $$2Author$$apressure, density, and temperature
000055605 65320 $$2Author$$ameteorology and atmospheric dynamics
000055605 65320 $$2Author$$amiddle atmosphere dynamics
000055605 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aKhosrawi, F.$$b1
000055605 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aBaumgarten, G.$$b2
000055605 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aStebel, K.$$b3
000055605 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129138$$aMüller, R.$$b4$$uFZJ
000055605 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFricke, K. H.$$b5
000055605 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1458425-6$$gVol. 24, p. 3267 - 3277$$p3267 - 3277$$q24<3267 - 3277$$tAnnales geophysicae$$v24$$x0992-7689$$y2006
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