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@ARTICLE{Vanderborght:55664,
      author       = {Vanderborght, J. and Vereecken, H.},
      title        = {{R}eview of {D}ispersivities for {T}ransport {M}odeling in
                      {S}oils},
      journal      = {Vadose zone journal},
      volume       = {6},
      issn         = {1539-1663},
      address      = {Madison, Wis.},
      publisher    = {SSSA},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-55664},
      pages        = {29 - 52},
      year         = {2007},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {The one-dimensional convection-dispersion equation is often
                      used to estimate the risk of nonpoint source groundwater
                      contamination and the dispersivity in this equation is known
                      to be a sensitive parameter for predicting the mass that
                      leaches through the vadose zone to the groundwater. We
                      derived a database of dispersivities from leaching studies
                      in soils. Besides dispersivities, the database contains
                      information about experimental parameters: transport
                      distance, scale of the experiment, flow rate, boundary
                      conditions, soil texture, pore water velocity, transport
                      velocity, and measurement method. Dispersivities were found
                      to increase with increasing transport distance and scale of
                      the experiment. Considerably larger dispersivities were
                      observed for saturated than for unsaturated flow conditions.
                      No significant effect of soil texture on dispersivity was
                      observed, but the interactive effects of soil texture,
                      lateral scale of the experiment, and flow rate on
                      dispersivity were significant. In coarse-textured soils,
                      lateral water redistribution may take place across
                      relatively larger distances, which explains the larger
                      dependency of dispersivity on lateral scale of the
                      experiment in coarse-than in fine-textured soils. The
                      activation of large interaggregate pores may explain the
                      increase in dispersivity with increasing flow rate in
                      fine-textured soils, which was not observed in soils with a
                      coarser texture. The distribution of dispersivities was
                      positively skewed and better described with a lognormal than
                      a normal distribution. Different experimental factors
                      explained $25\%$ of the total variability of
                      log(e)-transformed dispersivities. The unexplained variance
                      of the dispersivity was large and its coefficient of
                      variation was $100\%.$},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4 / JARA-ENERGY / JARA-SIM},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793 / $I:(DE-82)080011_20140620$ /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)VDB1045},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Soil Science / Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000245811500002},
      doi          = {10.2136/vzj2006.0096},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/55664},
}