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@ARTICLE{Wehrhan:57157,
      author       = {Wehrhan, A. and Kasteel, R. and Simunek, J. and Groeneweg,
                      J. and Vereecken, H.},
      title        = {{T}ransport of sulfadiazine in soil columns: {E}xperiments
                      and modelling approaches},
      journal      = {Journal of contaminant hydrology},
      volume       = {89},
      issn         = {0169-7722},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-57157},
      pages        = {107 - 135},
      year         = {2007},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Antibiotics, such as sulfadiazine, reach agricultural soils
                      directly through manure of grazing livestock or indirectly
                      through the spreading of manure or sewage sludge on the
                      field. Knowledge about the fate of antibiotics in soils is
                      crucial for assessing the environmental risk of these
                      compounds, including possible transport to the groundwater.
                      Transport of (14)C-labelled sulfadiazine was investigated in
                      disturbed soil columns at a constant flow rate of 0.26 cm
                      h(-1) near saturation. Sulfadiazine was applied in different
                      concentrations for either a short or a long pulse duration.
                      Breakthrough curves of sulfadiazine and the non-reactive
                      tracer chloride were measured. At the end of the leaching
                      period the soil concentration profiles were determined. The
                      peak maxima of the breakthrough curves were delayed by a
                      factor of 2 to 5 compared to chloride and the decreasing
                      limbs are characterized by an extended tailing. However, the
                      maximum relative concentrations differed as well as the
                      eluted mass fractions, ranging from 18 to $83\%$ after 500 h
                      of leaching. To identify relevant sorption processes,
                      breakthrough curves of sulfadiazine were fitted with a
                      convective-dispersive transport model, considering different
                      sorption concepts with one, two and three sorption sites.
                      Breakthrough curves can be fitted best with a three-site
                      sorption model, which includes two reversible kinetic and
                      one irreversible sorption site. However, the simulated soil
                      concentration profiles did not match the observations for
                      all of the used models. Despite this incomplete process
                      description, the obtained results have implications for the
                      transport behavior of sulfadiazine in the field. Its
                      leaching may be enhanced if it is frequently applied at
                      higher concentrations.},
      keywords     = {Adsorption / Chlorides: analysis / Models, Biological /
                      Models, Theoretical / Soil Pollutants: analysis /
                      Sulfadiazine: analysis / Water Movements / Water Pollutants,
                      Chemical: analysis / Chlorides (NLM Chemicals) / Soil
                      Pollutants (NLM Chemicals) / Water Pollutants, Chemical (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Sulfadiazine (NLM Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-4 / JARA-ENERGY / JARA-SIM},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB793 / $I:(DE-82)080011_20140620$ /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)VDB1045},
      pnm          = {Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Environmental Sciences / Geosciences, Multidisciplinary /
                      Water Resources},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:17030463},
      UT           = {WOS:000243269800005},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.08.002},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/57157},
}