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000057345 0247_ $$2DOI$$a10.1529/biophysj.106.101386
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000057345 084__ $$2WoS$$aBiophysics
000057345 1001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSolon, J.$$b0
000057345 245__ $$aFibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft elastic substrates
000057345 260__ $$aNew York, NY$$bRockefeller Univ. Press$$c2007
000057345 300__ $$a4453 - 4461
000057345 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article
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000057345 440_0 $$0882$$aBiophysical Journal$$v93$$x0006-3495$$y12
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000057345 520__ $$aMany cell types alter their morphology and gene expression profile when grown on chemically equivalent surfaces with different rigidities. One expectation of this change in morphology and composition is that the cell's internal stiffness, governed by cytoskeletal assembly and production of internal stresses, will change as a function of substrate stiffness. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the stiffness of fibroblasts grown on fibronectin-coated polyacrylamide gels of shear moduli varying between 500 and 40,000 Pa. Indentation measurements show that the cells' elastic moduli were equal to, or slightly lower than, those of their substrates for a range of soft gels and reached a saturating value at a substrate rigidity of 20 kPa. The amount of cross-linked F-actin sedimenting at low centrifugal force also increased with substrate stiffness. Together with enhanced actin polymerization and cross-linking, active contraction of the cytoskeleton can also modulate stiffness by exploiting the nonlinear elasticity of semiflexible biopolymer networks. These results suggest that within a range of stiffness spanning that of soft tissues, fibroblasts tune their internal stiffness to match that of their substrate, and modulation of cellular stiffness by the rigidity of the environment may be a mechanism used to direct cell migration and wound repair.
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000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAdaptation, Physiological: physiology
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aAnimals
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Adhesion: physiology
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aCell Movement: physiology
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aComputer Simulation
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aElasticity
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMechanotransduction, Cellular: physiology
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aMice
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aModels, Biological
000057345 650_2 $$2MeSH$$aNIH 3T3 Cells
000057345 650_7 $$2WoSType$$aJ
000057345 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLevental, I.$$b1
000057345 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB57655$$aSengupta, K.$$b2$$ufzj
000057345 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGeorges, P. C.$$b3
000057345 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aJanmey, P. A.$$b4
000057345 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)1477214-0$$a10.1529/biophysj.106.101386$$gVol. 93, p. 4453 - 4461$$p4453 - 4461$$q93<4453 - 4461$$tBiophysical journal$$v93$$x0006-3495$$y2007
000057345 8567_ $$2Pubmed Central$$uhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2098710
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000057345 9141_ $$y2007
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