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@ARTICLE{Solon:57345,
      author       = {Solon, J. and Levental, I. and Sengupta, K. and Georges, P.
                      C. and Janmey, P. A.},
      title        = {{F}ibroblast adaptation and stiffness matching to soft
                      elastic substrates},
      journal      = {Biophysical journal},
      volume       = {93},
      issn         = {0006-3495},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {Rockefeller Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-57345},
      pages        = {4453 - 4461},
      year         = {2007},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {Many cell types alter their morphology and gene expression
                      profile when grown on chemically equivalent surfaces with
                      different rigidities. One expectation of this change in
                      morphology and composition is that the cell's internal
                      stiffness, governed by cytoskeletal assembly and production
                      of internal stresses, will change as a function of substrate
                      stiffness. Atomic force microscopy was used to measure the
                      stiffness of fibroblasts grown on fibronectin-coated
                      polyacrylamide gels of shear moduli varying between 500 and
                      40,000 Pa. Indentation measurements show that the cells'
                      elastic moduli were equal to, or slightly lower than, those
                      of their substrates for a range of soft gels and reached a
                      saturating value at a substrate rigidity of 20 kPa. The
                      amount of cross-linked F-actin sedimenting at low
                      centrifugal force also increased with substrate stiffness.
                      Together with enhanced actin polymerization and
                      cross-linking, active contraction of the cytoskeleton can
                      also modulate stiffness by exploiting the nonlinear
                      elasticity of semiflexible biopolymer networks. These
                      results suggest that within a range of stiffness spanning
                      that of soft tissues, fibroblasts tune their internal
                      stiffness to match that of their substrate, and modulation
                      of cellular stiffness by the rigidity of the environment may
                      be a mechanism used to direct cell migration and wound
                      repair.},
      keywords     = {Adaptation, Physiological: physiology / Animals / Cell
                      Adhesion: physiology / Cell Movement: physiology / Computer
                      Simulation / Elasticity / Mechanotransduction, Cellular:
                      physiology / Mice / Models, Biological / NIH 3T3 Cells / J
                      (WoSType)},
      cin          = {IBN-4},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB802},
      pnm          = {Kondensierte Materie},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK414},
      shelfmark    = {Biophysics},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:18045965},
      pmc          = {pmc:PMC2098710},
      UT           = {WOS:000251298100037},
      doi          = {10.1529/biophysj.106.101386},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/57345},
}