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@ARTICLE{KiendlerScharr:5759,
      author       = {Kiendler-Scharr, A. and Wildt, J. and Dal Maso, M. and
                      Hohaus, T. and Kleist, E. and Mentel, T. F. and Tillmann, R.
                      and Uerlings, R. and Schurr, U. and Wahner, A.},
      title        = {{N}ew particle formation in forests inhibited by isoprene
                      emissions},
      journal      = {Nature},
      volume       = {461},
      issn         = {0028-0836},
      address      = {London [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Nature Publising Group},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-5759},
      pages        = {381 - 384},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {We gratefully acknowledge support by the European
                      Commission (IP-EUCAARI, contract number 036833-2).},
      abstract     = {It has been suggested that volatile organic compounds
                      (VOCs) are involved in organic aerosol formation, which in
                      turn affects radiative forcing and climate. The most
                      abundant VOCs emitted by terrestrial vegetation are isoprene
                      and its derivatives, such as monoterpenes and
                      sesquiterpenes. New particle formation in boreal regions is
                      related to monoterpene emissions and causes an estimated
                      negative radiative forcing of about -0.2 to -0.9 W m(-2).
                      The annual variation in aerosol growth rates during particle
                      nucleation events correlates with the seasonality of
                      monoterpene emissions of the local vegetation, with a
                      maximum during summer. The frequency of nucleation events
                      peaks, however, in spring and autumn. Here we present
                      evidence from simulation experiments conducted in a plant
                      chamber that isoprene can significantly inhibit new particle
                      formation. The process leading to the observed decrease in
                      particle number concentration is linked to the high
                      reactivity of isoprene with the hydroxyl radical (OH). The
                      suppression is stronger with higher concentrations of
                      isoprene, but with little dependence on the specific VOC
                      mixture emitted by trees. A parameterization of the observed
                      suppression factor as a function of isoprene concentration
                      suggests that the number of new particles produced depends
                      on the OH concentration and VOCs involved in the production
                      of new particles undergo three to four steps of oxidation by
                      OH. Our measurements simulate conditions that are typical
                      for forested regions and may explain the observed
                      seasonality in the frequency of aerosol nucleation events,
                      with a lower number of nucleation events during summer
                      compared to autumn and spring. Biogenic emissions of
                      isoprene are controlled by temperature and light, and if the
                      relative isoprene abundance of biogenic VOC emissions
                      increases in response to climate change or land use change,
                      the new particle formation potential may decrease, thus
                      damping the aerosol negative radiative forcing effect.},
      keywords     = {Aerosols: analysis / Aerosols: metabolism / Air: analysis /
                      Betula: drug effects / Betula: metabolism / Butadienes:
                      analysis / Butadienes: pharmacology / Carbon: analysis /
                      Environment, Controlled / Fagus: drug effects / Fagus:
                      metabolism / Hemiterpenes: analysis / Hemiterpenes:
                      pharmacology / Hemiterpenes: secretion / Hydroxyl Radical:
                      analysis / Hydroxyl Radical: metabolism / Light /
                      Monoterpenes: metabolism / Monoterpenes: pharmacology /
                      Oxidation-Reduction / Pentanes: analysis / Pentanes:
                      pharmacology / Picea: drug effects / Picea: metabolism /
                      Seasons / Temperature / Time Factors / Trees: drug effects /
                      Trees: metabolism / Volatile Organic Compounds: analysis /
                      Volatile Organic Compounds: metabolism / Aerosols (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Butadienes (NLM Chemicals) / Hemiterpenes (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Monoterpenes (NLM Chemicals) / Pentanes (NLM
                      Chemicals) / Volatile Organic Compounds (NLM Chemicals) /
                      Hydroxyl Radical (NLM Chemicals) / Carbon (NLM Chemicals) /
                      isoprene (NLM Chemicals) / J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2 / ICG-3 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {070},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791 / I:(DE-Juel1)ICG-3-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima / Terrestrische Umwelt},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406 / G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407},
      shelfmark    = {Multidisciplinary Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:19759617},
      UT           = {WOS:000269828100036},
      doi          = {10.1038/nature08292},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/5759},
}