TY  - JOUR
AU  - Wu, J.
AU  - Kurten, E.L.
AU  - Monshausen, G.
AU  - Hummel, G. M.
AU  - Gilroy, S.
AU  - Baldwin, I. T.
TI  - NaRALF, a peptide signal essential for the regulation of root hair tip apoplastic pH in Nicotiana attenuata, is required for root hair development and plant growth in native soils
JO  - The plant journal
VL  - 52
SN  - 0960-7412
CY  - Oxford [u.a.]
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell
M1  - PreJuSER-58481
SP  - 877 - 890
PY  - 2007
N1  - Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
AB  - Rapid alkalinization factor (RALF) is a 49-amino-acid peptide that rapidly alkalinizes cultivated tobacco cell cultures. In the native tobacco Nicotiana attenuata, NaRALF occurs as a single-copy gene and is highly expressed in roots and petioles. Silencing the NaRALF transcript by transforming N. attenuata with an inverted-repeat construct generated plants (irRALF) with normal wild-type (WT) above-ground parts, but with roots that grew longer and produced trichoblasts that developed into abnormal root hairs. Most trichoblasts produced a localized 'bulge' without commencing root hair tip growth; fewer trichoblasts grew, but were only 10% as long as those of WT plants. The root hair phenotype was associated with slowed apoplastic pH oscillations, increased pH at the tips of trichoblasts and decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the root hair initiation zone. The root hair growth phenotype was partially restored when irRALF lines were grown in a low-pH-buffered medium, and reproduced in WT plants grown in a high-pH-buffered medium. When irRALF plants were grown in pH 5.6, 6.7 and 8.1 soils together with WT plants in glasshouse experiments, they were out-competed by WT plants in basic, but not acidic, soils. When WT and irRALF lines were planted into the basic soils of the native habitat of N. attenuata in the Great Basin Desert, irRALF plants had smaller leaves, shorter stalks, and produced fewer flowers and seed capsules than did WT plants. We conclude that NaRALF is required for regulating root hair extracellular pH, the transition from root hair initiation to tip growth and plant growth in basic soils.
KW  - Amino Acid Sequence
KW  - Cloning, Molecular
KW  - Gene Silencing
KW  - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
KW  - Molecular Sequence Data
KW  - Phenotype
KW  - Plant Proteins: genetics
KW  - Plant Proteins: metabolism
KW  - Plant Proteins: physiology
KW  - Plant Roots: genetics
KW  - Plant Roots: growth & development
KW  - Plant Roots: metabolism
KW  - Sequence Alignment
KW  - Soil
KW  - Tobacco: genetics
KW  - Tobacco: growth & development
KW  - Tobacco: metabolism
KW  - Plant Proteins (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - Soil (NLM Chemicals)
KW  - J (WoSType)
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:17916115
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000251207400008
DO  - DOI:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03289.x
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/58481
ER  -