000058897 001__ 58897
000058897 005__ 20210629101923.0
000058897 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/2576
000058897 0247_ $$2URI$$a2576
000058897 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1433-5530
000058897 020__ $$a978-3-89336-475-6
000058897 037__ $$aPreJuSER-58897
000058897 041__ $$aEnglish
000058897 082__ $$a333.7
000058897 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB10497$$aMorrissey, Kate L.$$b0$$eCorresponding author$$gfemale$$uFZJ
000058897 245__ $$aBiological and chemical induction of systemic resistance in the barley powdery mildew pathosystem
000058897 260__ $$aJülich$$bForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag$$c2007
000058897 300__ $$a138 S.
000058897 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)11$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aDissertation / PhD Thesis
000058897 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)3$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aBook
000058897 3367_ $$02$$2EndNote$$aThesis
000058897 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$adoctoralThesis
000058897 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aPHDTHESIS
000058897 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Dissertation
000058897 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aDISSERTATION
000058897 4900_ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2414988-3$$828953$$aSchriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe Umwelt / Environment$$v73
000058897 502__ $$aUniversität Düsseldorf, Diss., 2007$$bDr. (Univ.)$$cUniversität Düsseldorf$$d2007
000058897 500__ $$aRecord converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
000058897 520__ $$aSystemic acquired resistance (SAR) provides plants with a broad spectrum resistance to a variety of phytopathogens (fungi, bacteria and viruses). In dicotyledons the systemic resistance can be induced by both biological and chemical activators. At present it is unclear whether SAR exists in monocotyledons, however, induced resistance has been well reported. The barley-powdery mildew interaction ($\textit{Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei, Bgh}$) was used as a test system. The effects of various biological ($\textit{Pseudomonas syringae subspecies and Xanthomonas translucens subspecies}$) and chemical (Bion$^{®}$, INA, SA and Paraquat) inducers have been analysed. Local pre-infiltration with some but not all of the bacterial strains tested led to lower systemic powdery mildew growth. The bacteria which were able to multiply quickly within barley were also able to provide protection against fungal infection. The degree of chemical resistance induced varied depending on the chemical inducer used, Bion$^{®}$ was the most effective of those tested. By using a combination of metabolite and expression analyses a hypothesis was developed concerning the mechanisms and signalling cascades involved in the development of the systemic resistance. Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis does not appear to be involved in the induced resistance observed in the course of this study. Little influence was found on the accumulation of soluble phenolic compounds following the individual local pre-treatments, whilst alterations were observed after $\textit{Bgh}$ infection. This was in agreement with the obtained expression data for PAL and CHS. In contrast three different pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins displayed differential regulation. PR-1, PR-2 and PR-3 are commonly used as markers for SAR in dicotyledons, it was shown here that Bion$^{®}$ and a $\textit{Pseudomonas syringae}$ subspecies resulted in induced PR-gene expression in barley. Paraquat led to primed expression, whilst the remaining bacteria induced local PR transcript accumulation and primed systemic expression. In some but not all systemic leaves lipoxygenase, as a marker for JA biosynthesis, was primed or induced as well as some JA dependent genes. It was hypothesised that Bion$^{®}$ mediates its systemic effects through JA signalling, whilst another signal is required for local responses possibly SA. The bacterial strains tested appear to involve a variety of signalling mechanisms which respond with differing speed and intensity. Local triggering includes reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, at later time points JA and other signalling molecules induce defence responses. Paraquat pretreatment sensitised the barley plants to respond quicker and stronger to subsequent pathogen attack without having the cost of pre-emptively producing defence proteins. JA signalling is suggested to be responsible for local events whilst another signalling molecule must contribute to the systemic responses, possibly ROS. Local Paraquat pre-treatment of barley plants had a massive effect by reducing redox genes in systemic leaves as shown by differential gene expression. The results pointed out, that the systemic induced resistance in monocotyledons involves several different signalling cascades and induces various defence mechanisms. In some parameters it resembles SAR of dicotyledons but not in others. Thus the systemic induced resistance seems to be of higher complexity in monocotyledons than in dicotyledons and requires further investigation.
000058897 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aTerrestrische Umwelt$$cP24$$x0
000058897 655_7 $$aHochschulschrift$$xDissertation (Univ.)
000058897 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/58897/files/Umwelt_73.pdf$$yOpenAccess
000058897 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:58897$$pdnbdelivery$$pVDB$$pdriver$$popen_access$$popenaire
000058897 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess
000058897 9141_ $$y2007
000058897 9131_ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK407$$bErde und Umwelt$$kP24$$lTerrestrische Umwelt$$vTerrestrische Umwelt$$x0
000058897 920__ $$lyes
000058897 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)ICG-3-20090406$$d31.10.2010$$gICG$$kICG-3$$lPhytosphäre$$x1
000058897 970__ $$aVDB:(DE-Juel1)92788
000058897 980__ $$aVDB
000058897 980__ $$aJUWEL
000058897 980__ $$aConvertedRecord
000058897 980__ $$aphd
000058897 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118
000058897 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED
000058897 980__ $$aFullTexts
000058897 9801_ $$aFullTexts
000058897 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118
000058897 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)ICG-3-20090406