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000058936 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB24644$$aMichalik, Marek$$b0$$eCorresponding author$$gmale$$uFZJ
000058936 245__ $$aEffect of water vapour on growth and adherence of chromia scales on pure chromium
000058936 260__ $$aJülich$$bForschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag$$c2007
000058936 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)11$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aDissertation / PhD Thesis
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000058936 4900_ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2414930-5$$828814$$aSchriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich. Reihe Energietechnik / Energy Technology$$v67
000058936 502__ $$aRWTH Aachen, Diss., 2007$$bDr. (Univ.)$$cRWTH Aachen$$d2007
000058936 500__ $$aRecord converted from VDB: 12.11.2012
000058936 520__ $$aThe oxidation behaviour of chromium was studied in the temperature range 950 to 1050$^{\circ}$C. A number of atmospheres such as Ar-O$_{2}$, Ar-H$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O, and more complex N$_{2}$-O$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O and N$_{2}$-H$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O were used, to allow the effects of oxygen and water vapour partial pressures to be determined. It was shown that the oxide scale formed in Ar-O$_{2}$ environments was dependent on the oxygen partial pressure. Decreasing the pO$_{2}$ in such gas mixtures lowered the oxidation rate and improved scale adherence. Different behaviour was found in Ar-H$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O. Scale adherence remained good in all low pO$_{2}$ gases and decreasing the pO$_{2}$ in the gas (this was done by using gases of higher H$_{2}$/H$_{2}$O ratio) led to an increase in the oxidation rate. The main finding of the work was that the oxide scale formed on chromium in Ar-H$_{2}$O and Ar-H$_{2}$- H$_{2}$O gases significantly differs from that formed in Ar-O$_{2}$. It appeared that oxide grains were much smaller in low pO$_{2}$ gases containing water vapour than in dry high pO$_{2}$ gases. It is believed that this effect of water vapour on the oxide morphology development is due to the faster adsorption and dissociation of H$_{2}$O at the outer surface compared with O$_{2}$, which enhance the inward transport of oxygen ions to the metal/oxide interface. It is proposed that increased oxygen grain boundary diffusion is the dominant process but molecular transport of H$_{2}$ and H$_{2}$O through the scale could also operate and contribute to the inner scale growth. The tracer study combined with SNMS techniques showed that in low pO$_{2}$ gases a significant amount of the scale was formed at the metal/oxide interface and this supports the observations that smaller oxide grains promote inward oxygen transport. It was also found that the extent of inward growth was higher in Ar-H$_{2}$-H$_{2}$O than in Ar-H$_{2}$O gas. This may indicate that the oxygen partial pressure of the gas or the hydrogen partial pressure were also factors determining the oxidation behaviour in low pO$_{2}$ gases. [...]
000058936 536__ $$0G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK402$$2G:(DE-HGF)$$aRationelle Energieumwandlung$$cP12$$x0
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000058936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)VDB58075$$aHänsel, Michael$$b1$$eAuthor$$gmale$$uFZJ
000058936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129782$$aQuadakkers, Willem J.$$b2$$eAuthor$$gmale$$uFZJ
000058936 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/58936/files/Energietechnik_67.pdf$$yOpenAccess
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