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@ARTICLE{Heise:60711,
      author       = {Heise, S. and Wickert, J. and Beyerle, G. and Schmidt, T.
                      and Smit, H. G. J. and Cammas, J. P. and Rothacher, M.},
      title        = {{C}omparison of water vapor and temperature results from
                      {GPS} radio occultation aboard {CHAMP} with {MOZAIC}
                      aircraft measurements},
      journal      = {IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing},
      volume       = {46},
      issn         = {0196-2892},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {IEEE},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-60711},
      pages        = {3406 - 3411},
      year         = {2008},
      note         = {The authors would like to thank the European Commission for
                      their strong support; Airbus and the airlines who carried
                      the MOZAIC equipment free of charge and have performed the
                      maintenance since 1994 (Lufthansa, Austfian, and Air
                      France); and the CHAMP team for all efforts to provide this
                      unique long-term GPS RO data set. MOZAIC is supported by the
                      Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers-Centre National
                      de la Recherche Scientifique (INSU-CNRS), France;
                      Meteo-France; and Forschungszentrum Rilich (FZJ), Gennany.
                      The German Weather Service provided ECMWF analysis data.},
      abstract     = {Global Positioning System (GPS) radio occultation (RO)
                      observations aboard Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellites
                      provide a powerful tool for global atmospheric sounding.
                      Almost continuously activated since mid-2001, the
                      CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) GPS RO experiment
                      provides up to 200 vertical atmospheric profiles per day. In
                      this paper, we intercompare CHAMP RO humidity results and
                      analyses from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather
                      Forecasts (ECMWF) with coinciding Measurement of OZone and
                      water vapor by AIrbus in-service airCraft (MOZAIC) data
                      collected during aircraft ascents and descents. About 320
                      coinciding profiles with CHAMP were found from 2001 to 2006
                      (coincidence radius: 3 h, 300 km). Between about 650 and 300
                      hPa, the CHAMP-MOZAIC humidity bias is smaller than the
                      ECMWF-MOZAIC bias. On the other hand, the standard deviation
                      between MOZAIC and CHAMP humidity is slightly higher than
                      that between MOZAIC and ECMWF through the entire altitude
                      range. Apart from the water vapor validation (ascent and
                      descent data), we also compare MOZAIC cruise data at an
                      altitude of typically 10-11 km with CHAMP refractivity and
                      temperature results (dry retrieval), and corresponding ECMWF
                      analysis data. Whereas refractivity data from MOZAIC, CHAMP,
                      and ECMWF show excellent agreement, the CHAMP temperature
                      exhibits a cold bias of about 0.9 K in comparison to MOZAIC
                      and ECMWE.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Geochemistry $\&$ Geophysics / Engineering, Electrical $\&$
                      Electronic / Remote Sensing},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000261309100005},
      doi          = {10.1109/TGRS.2008.920268},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/60711},
}