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@ARTICLE{Fuchs:62344,
      author       = {Fuchs, H. and Holland, F. and Hofzumahaus, A.},
      title        = {{M}easurement of tropospheric {RO}2 and {HO}2 radicals by a
                      laser-induced fluorescence instrument ({RO}x{LIF})},
      journal      = {Review of scientific instruments},
      volume       = {79},
      issn         = {0034-6748},
      address      = {[S.l.]},
      publisher    = {American Institute of Physics},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-62344},
      pages        = {084104-1 - 084104-12},
      year         = {2008},
      note         = {Record converted from VDB: 12.11.2012},
      abstract     = {A new method (ROxLIF) for the measurement of atmospheric
                      peroxy radicals (HO(2) and RO(2)) was developed using a
                      two-step chemical conversion scheme and laser-induced
                      fluorescence (LIF) for radical detection. Ambient air is
                      sampled into a differentially pumped flow reactor, in which
                      atmospheric RO(x) radicals (=RO(2)+RO+HO(2)+OH) are
                      chemically converted to HO(2) by a large excess of NO and CO
                      at reduced pressures (ROx mode). When only CO is added as a
                      reagent, the sum of atmospheric HO(2)+OH is converted to
                      HO(2) (HOx mode). At the reactor outlet, part of the air
                      flow is transferred into a low-pressure detection chamber,
                      where the HO(2) is further converted by reaction with NO to
                      OH, which is then detected with high sensitivity by LIF at
                      308 nm. The ROxLIF technique has been implemented in an
                      existing LIF instrument that is also capable of measuring
                      atmospheric OH. From the concurrent measurements of RO(x),
                      HO(x) and OH, concentrations of HO(2) and RO(2) can be
                      determined. The system is calibrated using the quantitative
                      photolysis of water vapor at 185 nm as a radical source.
                      Addition of CO or hydrocarbons to the calibration gas yields
                      well-defined concentrations of HO(2) or RO(2), respectively,
                      providing an estimated accuracy for the calibration of about
                      $20\%.$ The ROxLIF technique is extremely sensitive and has
                      detection limits (signal-to-noise ratio=2) of about 0.1 pptv
                      of HO(2) or RO(2) at a time resolution of 1 min. The paper
                      describes the technique and its calibration, discusses the
                      chemistry in the conversion reactor and possible
                      interferences, and gives an example of ambient air
                      measurements to demonstrate the performance of the new
                      technique.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Instruments $\&$ Instrumentation / Physics, Applied},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:19044365},
      UT           = {WOS:000259374500036},
      doi          = {10.1063/1.2968712},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/62344},
}