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@ARTICLE{Heyes:6242,
      author       = {Heyes, W.J. and Vaughan, G. and Allen, G. and Volz-Thomas,
                      A. and Pätz, H.-W. and Busen, R.},
      title        = {{C}omposition of the {TTL} over {D}arwin: local mixing or
                      long-range transport?},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {9},
      issn         = {1680-7316},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {PreJuSER-6242},
      pages        = {7725 - 7736},
      year         = {2009},
      note         = {We thank the pilots and ground crew of the Egrett and
                      Dornier aircraft for ensuring a successful campaign, and to
                      Peter May and the staff of the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM)
                      Regional Centre in Darwin for their support in forecasting
                      and logistics. We thank also the staff of the BoM radiosonde
                      station, Darwin, for their support of the ozonesonde
                      programme, Marcel Berg and Norbert Houben for maintenance of
                      the CO instrument, and the Royal Australian Air Force for
                      hosting the aircraft experiment. Finally, we thank the UK
                      Natural Environment Research Council (Grant NE/C512688/1)
                      and NERC Airborne Remote Sensing Facility for supporting
                      ACTIVE. WH is a NERC-supported research student.},
      abstract     = {We present ozone and carbon monoxide measurements taken in
                      Darwin, Australia, during the wet season of 2005/2006, to
                      examine whether the composition of the Tropical Tropopause
                      Layer (TTL) reflects that of the local boundary layer or is
                      influenced more by advection from distant sources. We find
                      that the latter predominates in the upper TTL, and is also
                      the major influence in the lower TTL, except during an
                      active monsoon phase. The day-to-day variability of ozone in
                      the TTL is far greater than that in the lower troposphere,
                      and correlates closely with air mass origin deduced from
                      trajectory calculations based on standard ECMWF wind
                      analyses. Although clear evidence of recent local uplift was
                      found in carbon monoxide tracer measurements recorded inside
                      convective anvils, no such signal was found out-of-cloud in
                      the background TTL, where the measured variability
                      correlated well with air mass origin deduced from
                      back-trajectories. This study suggests that the composition
                      of the TTL is ultimately determined by vertical mixing in
                      certain "hot spot" regions of the tropics, with advection
                      from these regions dominating the composition elsewhere.},
      keywords     = {J (WoSType)},
      cin          = {ICG-2},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)VDB791},
      pnm          = {Atmosphäre und Klima},
      pid          = {G:(DE-Juel1)FUEK406},
      shelfmark    = {Meteorology $\&$ Atmospheric Sciences},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000271240500004},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-9-7725-2009},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/6242},
}